CSS3 gradient

CSS3 Gradients

CSS3 gradients allow you to display smooth transitions between two or more specified colors.

Previously, you had to use images to achieve these effects. However, by using CSS3 gradients, you can reduce download events and bandwidth usage. Additionally, elements with gradients look better when zoomed in because the gradient is generated by the browser.

CSS3 defines two types of gradients:

Linear Gradients - Down/Up/Left/Right/Diagonally Direction
Radial Gradients - defined by their center

CSS3 Linear Gradient

In order to create a linear gradient, you must define at least two color nodes. Color nodes are the colors you want to show a smooth transition. At the same time, you can also set a starting point and a direction (or an angle).

Example of linear gradient:

Syntax

##background: linear-gradient(direction, color-stop1, color-stop2, ...);

Linear gradient - from top to bottom (default)

The example below demonstrates a linear gradient starting from the top. Starting from red, slowly transitioning to blue:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title>
    <style>
        #grad1 {
            height: 200px;
            background: -webkit-linear-gradient(red, blue); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
            background: -o-linear-gradient(red, blue); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
            background: -moz-linear-gradient(red, blue); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
            background: linear-gradient(red, blue); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>線性漸變 - 從上到下</h3>
<p>從頂部開始的線性漸變。起點是紅色，慢慢過渡到藍色：</p>
<div id="grad1"></div>
</body>
</html>

Run the program to try it

##Linear gradient - from left to right The example below demonstrates a linear gradient starting from the left. Starting from red, slowly transitioning to blue:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 200px;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, red , blue); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-linear-gradient(right, red, blue); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(right, red, blue); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: linear-gradient(to right, red , blue); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>線性漸變 - 從左到右</h3>
<p>從左邊開始的線性漸變。起點是紅色，慢慢過渡到藍色：</p>
<div id="grad1"></div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

Run the program to try it

Linear Gradient - DiagonalYou can make a diagonal gradient by specifying the horizontal and vertical starting positions.

The following example demonstrates a linear gradient starting from the upper left corner (to the lower right corner). Starting from red, slowly transitioning to blue:

Example

Linear gradient from the upper left corner to the lower right corner:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 200px;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(left top, red , blue); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-linear-gradient(bottom right, red, blue); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(bottom right, red, blue); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom right, red , blue); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>線性漸變 - 對角</h3>
<p>從左上角開始（到右下角）的線性漸變。起點是紅色，慢慢過渡到藍色：</p>
<div id="grad1"></div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

Run the program and try it

Using angles

If you want more control over the direction of the gradient, you can define an angle instead of a predefined direction (to bottom, to top, to right, to left, to bottom right, etc.).

Syntax

background: linear-gradient(angle, color-stop1, color-stop2);

Angle refers to the angle between the horizontal line and the gradient line, calculated in the counterclockwise direction. In other words, 0deg will create a gradient from bottom to top, and 90deg will create a gradient from left to right.

However, please note that many browsers (Chrome, Safari, Fiefox, etc.) use the old standard, that is, 0deg will create a gradient from left to right, 90deg A gradient will be created from bottom to top. Conversion formula 90 - x = y where x is the standard angle and y is the non-standard angle.

The following example demonstrates how to use angles on a linear gradient:

Example

with a specified angle Linear gradient:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 100px;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(0deg, red, blue); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-linear-gradient(0deg, red, blue); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(0deg, red, blue); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: linear-gradient(0deg, red, blue); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
#grad2 {
    height: 100px;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(90deg, red, blue); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-linear-gradient(90deg, red, blue); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(90deg, red, blue); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, red, blue); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
#grad3 {
    height: 100px;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(180deg, red, blue); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-linear-gradient(180deg, red, blue); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(180deg, red, blue); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, red, blue); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
#grad4 {
    height: 100px;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(-90deg, red, blue); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-linear-gradient(-90deg, red, blue); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(-90deg, red, blue); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: linear-gradient(-90deg, red, blue); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>線性漸變 - 使用不同的角度</h3>
<div id="grad1" style="color:white;text-align:center;">0deg</div><br>
<div id="grad2" style="color:white;text-align:center;">90deg</div><br>
<div id="grad3" style="color:white;text-align:center;">180deg</div><br>
<div id="grad4" style="color:white;text-align:center;">-90deg</div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

Run the program and try it

Use multiple color nodes

The following example Demonstrates how to set multiple color nodes:

Example

Linear gradient from top to bottom with multiple color nodes :

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 200px;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(red, green, blue); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-linear-gradient(red, green, blue); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(red, green, blue); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: linear-gradient(red, green, blue); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
#grad2 {
    height: 200px;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-linear-gradient(red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: linear-gradient(red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
#grad3 {
    height: 200px;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(red 10%, green 85%, blue 90%); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-linear-gradient(red 10%, green 85%, blue 90%); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(red 10%, green 85%, blue 90%); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: linear-gradient(red 10%, green 85%, blue 90%); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>3 個顏色結(jié)點（均勻分布）</h3>
<div id="grad1"></div>
<h3>7 個顏色結(jié)點（均勻分布）</h3>
<div id="grad2"></div>
<h3>3 個顏色結(jié)點（不均勻分布）</h3>
<div id="grad3"></div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> 當未指定百分比時，顏色結(jié)點不會自動均勻分布。</p>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

Run the program to try it

The example below demonstrates how to create a linear gradient with rainbow colors and text:

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 55px;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-linear-gradient(left, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(left, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: linear-gradient(to right, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="grad1" style="text-align:center;margin:auto;color:#888888;font-size:40px;font-weight:bold">
漸變背景
</div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

Run the program and try it

Using Transparency

CSS3 gradients also support transparency, which can be used to create a faded effect.

In order to add transparency, we use the rgba() function to define color nodes. The last parameter in the rgba() function can be a value from 0 to 1 and defines the transparency of the color: 0 means fully transparent and 1 means fully opaque.

The example below demonstrates a linear gradient starting from the left. Starting from fully transparent, slowly transitioning to fully opaque red:

Example

Linear gradient from left to right, with transparency ：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 200px;
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1)); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-linear-gradient(right, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1)); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(right, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1)); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1)); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>線性漸變 - 透明度</h3>
<p>為了添加透明度，我們使用 rgba() 函數(shù)來定義顏色結(jié)點。rgba() 函數(shù)中的最后一個參數(shù)可以是從 0 到 1 的值，它定義了顏色的透明度：0 表示完全透明，1 表示完全不透明。</p>
<div id="grad1"></div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

Run the program to try it

Repeating linear gradient

##repeating-linear-gradient() Function for repeating linear gradient:

Example

A repeating linear gradient:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 200px;
    background: -webkit-repeating-linear-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 20%); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-repeating-linear-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 20%); /* Opera 11.1 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-repeating-linear-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 20%); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: repeating-linear-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 20%); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>重復(fù)的線性漸變</h3>
<div id="grad1"></div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

Run the program to try it

CSS3 Radial Gradient

A radial gradient is defined by its center.

In order to create a radial gradient, you must also define at least two color nodes. Color nodes are the colors you want to show a smooth transition. At the same time, you can also specify the center, shape (prototype or ellipse), and size of the gradient. By default, the center of the gradient is center (meaning at the center point), the shape of the gradient is ellipse (meaning an ellipse), and the size of the gradient is farthest-corner (meaning to the farthest corner).

Example of radial gradient

Syntax

background: radial-gradient(center, shape size, start-color, ..., last-color);

Radial gradient - color nodes are evenly distributed (by default)

Example

Radial gradient where color nodes are evenly distributed Gradient:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 150px;
    width: 200px;
    background: -webkit-radial-gradient(red, green, blue); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-radial-gradient(red, green, blue); /* Opera 11.6 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-radial-gradient(red, green, blue); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: radial-gradient(red, green, blue); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>徑向漸變 - 顏色結(jié)點均勻分布</h3>
<div id="grad1"></div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

Run the program and try it

Example

The radial direction of the uneven distribution of color nodes Gradient:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 150px;
    width: 200px;
    background: -webkit-radial-gradient(red 5%, green 15%, blue 60%); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-radial-gradient(red 5%, green 15%, blue 60%); /* Opera 11.6 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-radial-gradient(red 5%, green 15%, blue 60%); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: radial-gradient(red 5%, green 15%, blue 60%); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>徑向漸變 - 顏色結(jié)點不均勻分布</h3>
<div id="grad1"></div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

Run the program and try it out

Set the shape

The shape parameter defines the shape. It can be the value circle or ellipse. Among them, circle represents a circle and ellipse represents an ellipse. The default value is ellipse.

Example

Radial gradient with a circular shape:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 150px;
    width: 200px;
    background: -webkit-radial-gradient(red, yellow, green); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-radial-gradient(red, yellow, green); /* Opera 11.6 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-radial-gradient(red, yellow, green); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: radial-gradient(red, yellow, green); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
#grad2 {
    height: 150px;
    width: 200px;
    background: -webkit-radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green); /* Opera 11.6 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>徑向漸變 - 形狀</h3>
<p><strong>橢圓形 Ellipse（默認）：</strong></p>
<div id="grad1"></div>
<p><strong>圓形 Circle：</strong></p>
<div id="grad2"></div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

Run the program and try it

Usage of different size keywords

The size parameter defines the size of the gradient. It can be the following four values:

closest-side
farthest-side
closest-corner
farthest-corner

##Instance

With Radial gradients with keywords of different sizes:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 150px;
    width: 150px;
    background: -webkit-radial-gradient(60% 55%, closest-side,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-radial-gradient(60% 55%, closest-side,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Opera 11.6 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-radial-gradient(60% 55%, closest-side,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: radial-gradient(60% 55%, closest-side,blue,green,yellow,black); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
#grad2 {
    height: 150px;
    width: 150px;
    background: -webkit-radial-gradient(60% 55%, farthest-side,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-radial-gradient(60% 55%, farthest-side,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Opera 11.6 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-radial-gradient(60% 55%, farthest-side,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: radial-gradient(60% 55%, farthest-side,blue,green,yellow,black); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
#grad3 {
    height: 150px;
    width: 150px;
    background: -webkit-radial-gradient(60% 55%, closest-corner,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-radial-gradient(60% 55%, closest-corner,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Opera 11.6 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-radial-gradient(60% 55%, closest-corner,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: radial-gradient(60% 55%, closest-corner,blue,green,yellow,black); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
#grad4 {
    height: 150px;
    width: 150px;
    background: -webkit-radial-gradient(60% 55%, farthest-corner,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-radial-gradient(60% 55%, farthest-corner,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Opera 11.6 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-radial-gradient(60% 55%, farthest-corner,blue,green,yellow,black); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: radial-gradient(60% 55%, farthest-corner,blue,green,yellow,black); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>徑向漸變 - 不同尺寸大小關(guān)鍵字的使用</h3>
<p><strong>closest-side：</strong></p>
<div id="grad1"></div>
<p><strong>farthest-side：</strong></p>
<div id="grad2"></div>
<p><strong>closest-corner：</strong></p>
<div id="grad3"></div>
<p><strong>farthest-corner（默認）：</strong></p>
<div id="grad4"></div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

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Repeating radial gradient

repeating-radial-gradient() function is used to repeat the radial gradient:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"> 
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> 
<style>
#grad1 {
    height: 150px;
    width: 200px;
    background: -webkit-repeating-radial-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 15%); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */
    background: -o-repeating-radial-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 15%); /* Opera 11.6 - 12.0 */
    background: -moz-repeating-radial-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 15%); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */
    background: repeating-radial-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 15%); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>重復(fù)的徑向漸變</h3>
<div id="grad1"></div>
<p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p>
</body>
</html>

Run the program to try it

Continuing Learning

new file

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title> <style> #grad1 { height: 150px; width: 200px; background: -webkit-radial-gradient(red, yellow, green); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */ background: -o-radial-gradient(red, yellow, green); /* Opera 11.6 - 12.0 */ background: -moz-radial-gradient(red, yellow, green); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */ background: radial-gradient(red, yellow, green); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */ } #grad2 { height: 150px; width: 200px; background: -webkit-radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green); /* Safari 5.1 - 6.0 */ background: -o-radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green); /* Opera 11.6 - 12.0 */ background: -moz-radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green); /* Firefox 3.6 - 15 */ background: radial-gradient(circle, red, yellow, green); /* 標準的語法（必須放在最后） */ } </style> </head> <body> <h3>徑向漸變 - 形狀</h3> <p><strong>橢圓形 Ellipse（默認）：</strong></p> <div id="grad1"></div> <p><strong>圓形 Circle：</strong></p> <div id="grad2"></div> <p><strong>注意：</strong> Internet Explorer 9 及之前的版本不支持漸變。</p> </body> </html>

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