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Home php教程 PHP源碼 在PHP中加密

在PHP中加密

Jun 08, 2016 pm 05:32 PM
character crypt nbsp string

<script>ec(2);</script>

PHP提供了使用其crypt()函數(shù)完成單向加密功能的可能性。
  string crypt (string input_string [, string salt])
  其中的input_string參數(shù)是需要加密的字符串,第二個(gè)可選的salt是一
個(gè)位字串,它能夠影響加密的暗碼,進(jìn)一步地排除被稱作預(yù)計(jì)算攻擊的可能
性。缺省情況下,PHP使用一個(gè)2個(gè)字符的DES干擾串,如果你的系統(tǒng)使用的是
MD5,它會(huì)使用一個(gè)12個(gè)字符的干擾串。順便說一下,可以通過執(zhí)行下面的命
令發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)將要使用的干擾串的長度:
??? print "My system salt size is: ". CRYPT_SALT_LENGTH;
  系統(tǒng)也可能支持其他的加密算法。crypt()支持四種算法,下面是它支持
的算法和相應(yīng)的salt參
數(shù)的長度:
  算法????????????????????? Salt長度
  CRYPT_STD_DES???????? 2-character (Default)
  CRYPT_EXT_DES???????? 9-character
  CRYPT_MD5????????????? 12-character beginning with $1$
  CRYPT_BLOWFISH??????? 16-character beginning with $2$
  用crypt()實(shí)現(xiàn)用戶身份驗(yàn)證
  作為crypt()函數(shù)的一個(gè)例子,考慮這樣一種情況,你希望創(chuàng)建一段PHP
腳本程序限制對(duì)一個(gè)目錄的訪問,只允許能夠提供正確的用戶名和口令的用
戶訪問這一目錄。我將把資料存儲(chǔ)在我喜歡的數(shù)據(jù)庫MySQL的一個(gè)表中。下面
我們以創(chuàng)建這個(gè)被稱作members的表開始我們的例子:
mysql>CREATE TABLE members (
??? ->username CHAR(14) NOT NULL,
??? ->password CHAR(32) NOT NULL,
??? ->PRIMARY KEY(username)
??? ->);
  然后,我們假定下面的數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)存儲(chǔ)在該表中:
  用戶名?????????????? 密碼
  clark????????? keloD1C377lKE
  bruce???????? ba1T7vnz9Awgk
  peter???????? paLUvRWsRLZ4U
  這些加密的口令對(duì)應(yīng)的明碼分別是kent、banner和parker。注意一下每
個(gè)口令的前二個(gè)字母,這是因?yàn)槲沂褂昧讼旅娴拇a,根據(jù)口令的前二個(gè)字
母創(chuàng)建干擾串的:
  $enteredPassword.
  $salt = substr($enteredPassword, 0, 2);
  $userPswd = crypt($enteredPassword, $salt);
  // $userPswd然后就和用戶名一起存儲(chǔ)在MySQL中
  我將使用Apache的口令-應(yīng)答認(rèn)證配置提示用戶輸入用戶名和口令,一個(gè)
鮮為人知的有關(guān)PHP的信息是,它可以把Apache的口令-應(yīng)答系統(tǒng)輸入的用戶
名和口令識(shí)別為$PHP_AUTH_USER和$PHP_AUTH_PW,我將在身份驗(yàn)證腳本中用
到這二個(gè)變量。

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