管理權(quán)限分組說明
Jun 08, 2016 pm 05:33 PM文涉及權(quán)限管理的一種面向?qū)ο竽P偷姆椒ê蛯?shí)現(xiàn)。通過分析每次訪問發(fā)生場景的各要素,并對各要素進(jìn)行抽象而形成的一種模型,并可用于實(shí)現(xiàn)權(quán)限訪問控制。原諒我自己取了什么“四維權(quán)限管理模型”“訪問控制矩陣(ACM)”這樣難聽的名字,還多少有故弄玄虛之嫌,但我在半年前只有這樣的見識。
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1、訪問控制矩陣(ACM)
說明:任意對系統(tǒng)使用者產(chǎn)生價(jià)值的用例中的操作均在以下四個維度加以控制:
l???????? Operator(操作者權(quán)限控制):
進(jìn)行某種操作時(shí),操作的主體。分為:用戶,角色,單位
l???????? OperateMethod(操作方法權(quán)限控制):
操作的功能確定,如:讀、寫、查、刪等
l???????? Object(操作對象權(quán)限控制):
操作的影響對象,通常是某種業(yè)務(wù)對象,如:表單
l???????? Object.Fields(操作對象屬性項(xiàng)權(quán)限控制)
業(yè)務(wù)要求對選項(xiàng)敏感的對象屬性項(xiàng),如:表單的某數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)、表單上的簡單控件等
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2、ACM中四維數(shù)據(jù)的組成
Operator:操作者,根據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)的需要設(shè)定控制項(xiàng)目主要分為用戶、角色、單位三種。根據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)的需要,可以控制Operator的作用先后順序或交并運(yùn)行規(guī)則;
Operate Method:操作方法,根據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)操作的對象的不同,可能是業(yè)務(wù)操作或是底層的CRUD操作;
Object:操作對象,當(dāng)前操作的對象,根據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)需求可以是:業(yè)務(wù)對象,如:項(xiàng)目、表單;
Object Fields:操作對象屬性,要求與權(quán)限控制綁定的對象的數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)。如:表單字段、表單控件等。
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3、原理簡述
ACM在權(quán)限管理和訪問控制時(shí)的作用原理。一個ACM是由若干控制系統(tǒng)某項(xiàng)操作行為的若干要素組成的規(guī)則矩陣。設(shè)想一個場景,當(dāng)某項(xiàng)操作進(jìn)行時(shí),必然有如下元素:操作者、操作方法、操作對象。所有ACM就指定了一次操作必須滿足的各元素的條件。如:有ACM如下:“李厚強(qiáng)”、“修改”、“用戶信息”。就代表:“李厚強(qiáng)可以修改用戶信息”。當(dāng)然這是一個簡單的例子,事實(shí)上,情況遠(yuǎn)比這個例子復(fù)雜。首先要解決的就是操作對象的實(shí)例定位問題。即當(dāng)如下訪問控制出現(xiàn)時(shí):“李厚強(qiáng)可以修改用戶信息中的姓名,但不能修改用戶信息中的身份證號”。很明顯,現(xiàn)有的三維ACM已經(jīng)不能滿足要求了。
ACM中的操作對象之所有成為對象,是因?yàn)槠渚哂幸韵聝煞N特征:一是對象是數(shù)據(jù)的封裝、二是對象本身包含對現(xiàn)實(shí)對象的抽象。數(shù)據(jù)的封裝簡化了數(shù)據(jù)處理,抽象使得對象的形式更統(tǒng)一、方法數(shù)量可控制。但是,當(dāng)業(yè)務(wù)要求權(quán)限控制到對象的成員這一級別時(shí),這樣的封裝和抽象無疑將屏蔽掉對象成員的權(quán)限敏感性。解決的方法有兩種:
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方法1:將對象的有權(quán)限敏感的成員也抽象為ACM中的對象
Operator?????????????? Operate Method????????????????? Object
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