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Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial CakePHP Form Handling

CakePHP Form Handling

Sep 10, 2024 pm 05:26 PM
php cakephp PHP framework

CakePHP provides various in built tags to handle HTML forms easily and securely. Like many other PHP frameworks, major elements of HTML are also generated using CakePHP. Following are the various functions used to generate HTML elements.

The following functions are used to generate select options ?

Syntax _selectOptions( array $elementsarray(), array $parentsarray(), boolean $showParentsnull, array $attributesarray() )
Parameters
  • Syntax _selectOptions( array $elementsarray(), array $parentsarray(), boolean $showParentsnull, array $attributesarray() )
    Parameters

    • Elements to format

    • Parents for OPTGROUP

    • Whether to show parents

    • HTML attributes
    Returns array
    Description Returns an array of formatted OPTION/OPTGROUP elements
    Elements to format

  • Parents for OPTGROUP

  • Whether to show parents
  • HTML attributes
    Syntax select( string $fieldName, array $options array(), array $attributes array() )
    Parameters

    Name attribute of the SELECT

    Array of the OPTION elements (as 'value'=>'Text' pairs) to be used in the SELECT element.
    Returns Formatted SELECT element.
    Description Returns a formatted SELECT element.
Returns array
Description Returns an array of formatted OPTION/OPTGROUP elements

The following functions are used to generate HTML select element.

Syntax select( string $fieldName, array $options array(), array $attributes array() )
Parameters
Syntax

Button(string $title, array $optionsarray() )
Parameters

  • The button's caption. Not automatically HTML encoded.

  • Array of options and HTML attributes
Returns HTML button tag.
Description

Creates a tag. The type attribute defaults to type="submit". You can change it to a different value by using $options['type'].
Name attribute of the SELECT

Array of the OPTION elements (as 'value'=>'Text' pairs) to be used in the SELECT element.

Returns Formatted SELECT element.
Description Returns a formatted SELECT element.
The following functions are used
to generate button
Syntax Checkbox(string $fieldName, array $optionsarray() )
Parameters

  • Name of a field, like this "Modelname.fieldname"

  • Array of HTML attributes. Possible options are value, checked, hiddenField, disabled, default.
Returns An HTML text input element.
Description Creates a checkbox input widget.
on HTML page.

Syntax Button(string $title, array $optionsarray() )
Parameters
  • The button's caption. Not automatically HTML encoded.
  • Syntax create( mixed $modelnull , array $optionsarray() )
    Parameters

    • The model name for which the form is being defined. Should include the plugin name for plugin models. e.g. ContactManager.Contact. If an array is passed and $options argument is empty, the array will be used as options. If false, no model is used.

    • An array of html attributes and options. Possible options are type, action, url, default, onsubmit, inputDefaults, encoding.
    Returns

    A formatted opening FORM tag.
    Description Returns an HTML FORM element.
    Array of options and HTML attributes
Returns HTML button tag.
Description

Creates a tag. The type attribute defaults to

type="submit"
. You can change it to a different value by using
Syntax

file(string $fieldName, array $optionsarray() )
Parameters

  • Name of a field, in the form "Modelname.fieldname"

  • Array of HTML attributes.
Returns

A generated file input.
Description

Creates file input widget.
$options['type'].
The following functions are used to generate checkbox on HTML page.
Syntax Checkbox(string $fieldName, array $optionsarray() )
Parameters
  • Name of a field, like this "Modelname.fieldname"
  • Array of HTML attributes. Possible options are value, checked, hiddenField, disabled, default.
Returns An HTML text input element.
Description Creates a checkbox input widget.
The following functions are used to create form on HTML page.
Syntax create( mixed $modelnull , array $optionsarray() )
Parameters
  • The model name for which the form is being defined. Should include the plugin name for plugin models. e.g. ContactManager.Contact. If an array is passed and $options argument is empty, the array will be used as options. If false, no model is used.
  • An array of html attributes and options. Possible options are type, action, url, default, onsubmit, inputDefaults, encoding.
Returns A formatted opening FORM tag.
Description Returns an HTML FORM element.
The following functions are used to provide file uploading functionality on HTML page.
Syntax file(string $fieldName, array $optionsarray() )
Parameters
  • Name of a field, in the form "Modelname.fieldname"
  • Array of HTML attributes.
Returns A generated file input.
Description Creates file input widget.

The following functions are used to create hidden element on HTML page.

Syntax
Syntax

hidden( string $fieldName , array $optionsarray() )
Parameters

  • Name of a field, in the form of "Modelname.fieldname"

  • Array of HTML attributes.
Returns

A generated hidden input
Description

Creates a hidden input field
hidden( string $fieldName , array $optionsarray() )
Parameters

  • Name of a field, in the form of "Modelname.fieldname"

  • Array of HTML attributes.
Returns
A generated hidden input
Syntax

Input(string $fieldName , array $options array() )
Parameters

  • This should be "Modelname.fieldname"

  • Each type of input takes different options
Returns

Completed form widget
Description

Generates a form input element complete with label and wrapper div
Description Creates a hidden input field
The following functions are used to generate input element
on HTML page.
Syntax

Radio(string $fieldName , array $optionsarray() , array $attributesarray() )
Parameters

  • Name of a field, like this "Modelname.fieldname"

  • Radio button options array.

  • Array of HTML attributes, and special attributes above.
Returns Completed radio widget set
Description Creates a set of radio widgets. Will create a legend and fieldset by default. Use $options to control this.
Syntax

Input(string $fieldName , array $options array() )
Parameters
  • This should be "Modelname.fieldname"
  • Each type of input takes different options
    Syntax Submit(string $caption null, array $options array() )
    Parameters

    • The label appearing on the button OR if string contains :// or the extension .jpg, .jpe, .jpeg, .gif, .png. Use an image if the extension exists, AND the first character is /, image is relative to webroot, OR if the first character is not /, image is relative to webroot/img.

    • Array of options. Possible options are div, before, after, type etc.
    Returns

    An HTML submit button
    Description Creates a submit button element. This method will generate elements that can be used to submit, and reset forms by using $options. Image submits can be created by supplying an image path for $caption.
Returns Completed form widget
Description Generates a form input element complete with label and wrapper div
The following functions are used to generate
Syntax

Textarea(string $fieldName , array $options array() )
Parameters

  • Name of a field, in the form "Modelname.fieldname"

  • Array of HTML attributes, special option like escape
Returns A generated HTML text input element
Description Creates a textarea widget
radio button
on HTML page.

Syntax

Radio(string $fieldName , array $optionsarray() , array $attributesarray() )
Parameters
  • Name of a field, like this "Modelname.fieldname"

  • Radio button options array.

  • Array of HTML attributes, and special attributes above.
Returns Completed radio widget set
Description Creates a set of radio widgets. Will create a legend and fieldset by default. Use $options to control this. 
<?php use Cake\Http\Middleware\CsrfProtectionMiddleware;
use Cake\Routing\Route\DashedRoute;
use Cake\Routing\RouteBuilder;
$routes->setRouteClass(DashedRoute::class);
$routes->scope('/', function (RouteBuilder $builder) {
   $builder->registerMiddleware('csrf', new CsrfProtectionMiddleware([
      'httpOnly' => true,
   ]));
   $builder->applyMiddleware('csrf');
   //$builder->connect('/pages',['controller'=>'Pages','action'=>'display', 'home']);
   $builder->connect('register',['controller'=>'Registrations','action'=>'index']);
   $builder->fallbacks();
});

The following functions are used to generate submit button on HTML page.

Syntax Submit(string $caption null, array $options array() )
Parameters
  • The label appearing on the button OR if string contains :// or the extension .jpg, .jpe, .jpeg, .gif, .png. Use an image if the extension exists, AND the first character is /, image is relative to webroot, OR if the first character is not /, image is relative to webroot/img.
  • Array of options. Possible options are div, before, after, type etc.
Returns An HTML submit button
Description Creates a submit button element. This method will generate elements that can be used to submit, and reset forms by using $options. Image submits can be created by supplying an image path for $caption. 
<?php namespace App\Controller;
   use App\Controller\AppController;
   class RegistrationsController extends AppController{
      public function index(){
         $country = array('India','United State of America','United Kingdom');
         $this->set('country',$country);
         $gender = array('Male','Female');
         $this->set('gender',$gender);
      }
   }
?>
The following functions are used

to generate textarea element on HTML page.

Syntax Textarea(string $fieldName , array $options array() )
Parameters
  • Name of a field, in the form "Modelname.fieldname"
  • Array of HTML attributes, special option like escape
Returns A generated HTML text input element
Description Creates a textarea widget

Example

Make changes in the 
<?php echo $this->Form->create(NULL,array('url'=>'/register'));
   echo '<label for="country">Country</label>';
   echo $this->Form->select('country',$country);
   echo '<label for="gender">Gender</label>';
   echo $this->Form->radio('gender ',$gender);
   echo '<label for="address">Address</label>';
   echo $this->Form->textarea('address');
   echo $this->Form->file('profilepic');
   echo '<div>'.$this->Form->checkbox('terms').
      '<label for="country">Terms &mp; CakePHP Form Handlings</label>
</div>';
   echo $this->Form->button('Submit');
   echo $this->Form->end();
?>
config/routes.php

file as shown in the following code.

config/routes.php

Create a CakePHP Form HandlingRegistrationsController.php file at src/Controller/RegistrationsController.php. Copy the following code in the controller file. src/Controller/RegistrationsController.php Create a directory Registrations at src/Template and under that directory, create a View file called index.php. Copy the following code in that file. src/Template/Registrations/index.php Execute the above example by visiting the following URL ? http://localhost/cakephp4/register Output Upon execution, you will receive the following output.

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