The Transients API is a built-in tool in WordPress for temporarily storing auto-expirable data. Its core functions are set_transient, get_transient, and delete_transient. Compared with the Options API, transients supports setting time of survival (TTL), which is suitable for scenarios such as caching API request results and complex computing data. When using it, you need to pay attention to the uniqueness of key naming and namespace, cache "lazy deletion" mechanism, and the issue that may not last in the object cache environment. Typical application scenarios include reducing external request frequency, controlling code execution rhythm, and improving page loading performance.
When you want to quickly cache temporary data in WordPress, such as the result of an API request or the calculation of time-consuming data, using the Transients API is a good choice. It is simple, built-in, and it expires automatically.
What is the Transients API?
Transients API is a set of functions provided by WordPress to store temporary data with expiration time. Similar to the Options API, but the difference is that transients can set the survival time (TTL). After this time, the data will be automatically deleted.
Its three core functions are:
-
set_transient( $key, $value, $expiration ) -
get_transient( $key ) -
delete_transient( $key )
If you have used update_option and get_option , it will be easier to understand. It's just that transients will "disappear" by themselves and you don't need to clean it manually.
Why use Transients instead of Options?
Options are stored permanently unless you take the initiative to delete it. And the advantage of Transients is "automatic cleaning". For example, you have an external API interface that calls frequently and requires remote requests every time. The slow speed is also easy to trigger current limit. At this time, you can cache the result for a period of time, such as 10 minutes, and then re-acquire it.
For example:
You want to display the content of an RSS feed, but don't want to go remotely pull every time you load. You can do this:
$rss_data = get_transient( 'my_custom_rss_feed' );
if ( false === $rss_data ) {
$rss_data = wp_remote_get( 'https://example.com/feed' );
set_transient( 'my_custom_rss_feed', $rss_data, 10 * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS );
}This will avoid frequent requests, and the data will be updated regularly.
Things to pay attention to in actual use
Although Transients looks simple, there are still several details to pay attention to in actual use:
- The Key name should be unique and meaningful : for example, don't call it "data" casually, it is best to add a prefix, such as
myplugin_api_result. - Don't forget the namespace : If you develop a plug-in, it is recommended to prefix the plug-in name to avoid conflicts with other plug-ins.
- Pay attention to the timing of cache failure : Transients' expiration mechanism is not cleaned regularly, but "lazy deletion" - that is, it will check whether it expires the next time you access it. So sometimes you will find that the old data is still there, but it has not been accessed yet.
- Some object cache environments may not last : If object cache extensions such as Redis or Memcached are enabled, the transients data will be stored in memory, not in the database. In this case, restarting the service may result in cache loss.
Which scenarios are suitable for Transients?
- Cache external API request results
- Store temporary generated content, such as the results of complex queries
- Control the frequency of execution of a certain piece of code (such as preventing frequent email sending)
- Calculation results that need to be reused when the page is loaded
In short, as long as you want to "save it temporarily, and you won't use it after a while", you can consider using Transients.
Basically that's it. It doesn't seem complicated, but if used well in actual projects, it can significantly improve performance.
The above is the detailed content of How to use the Transients API for caching. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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