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Article Introduction：Chapter 4 Class and Object-Oriented Programming In the previous chapters, we learned Kotlin's basic language knowledge, type systems and other related knowledge. In this chapter and the next chapter, we will learn Kotlin's support for object-oriented programming and functional programming. In this chapter, we introduce Kotlin's object-oriented programming. 4.1 A brief history of object-oriented programming In the late 1950s, when writing large programs in the FORTRAN language, because there was no encapsulation mechanism, the variables at that time were all "global variables", so variable name conflicts would inevitably occur frequently. In ALGOL60, program blocks identified by Begin-End are used to make the variable names inside the block local to avoid them from outside the block in the program

2025-05-07 comment 0  633

Article Introduction：Object Oriented Programming(OOPS): OOPS stands for Object-Oriented Programming System, which is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects. Class: A blueprint or template for creating objects. Class represent logical entities. Objec

2024-12-08 comment 0  495

Article Introduction：Leveraging Class Externals in Object-Oriented Programming: Global Variables in ActionIn object-oriented programming, encapsulating functionality...

2025-01-18 comment 0  971

Article Introduction：Determining an Object's ClassIn object-oriented programming, it can be useful to determine the class of an object, especially when working with...

2024-11-30 comment 0  823

Article Introduction：Encapsulation in Object-Oriented Programming Encapsulation is a fundamental object-oriented programming concept that involves bundling data (fields) and methods (functions) that operate on the data within a single unit, typically a class. It re

2025-01-04 comment 0  1068

Article Introduction：Overcoming Shared Class Data IssueIn object-oriented programming, it's desirable to keep class data distinct for each instance. However, a common...

2025-01-04 comment 0  1025

Article Introduction：Functional vs. Object-Oriented Programming: A Detailed Comparison Object-oriented programming (OOP) and functional programming (FP) are the most prevalent programming paradigms, offering diverse approaches to software development. Understanding thei

2025-04-22 comment 0  997

Article Introduction：Advantages of Using Getters and Setters in PHP: Object-Oriented Programming over Direct Field AccessPrivate fields in object-oriented programming...

2024-12-06 comment 0  946

Article Introduction：Accessing Class Properties with SpacesIn object-oriented programming, it is often desirable to access properties with names containing spaces. However, this can present challenges when attempting to retrieve these properties using traditional dot not

2024-10-18 comment 0  1098

Article Introduction：Understanding the Concept of "Callable" in Object-Oriented ProgrammingWithin the realm of object-oriented programming, the term "callable"...

2024-12-22 comment 0  567

Article Introduction：Exploring Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in JavaScript Date: December 17, 2024 Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a paradigm that uses objects to model real-world entities. JavaScript, being a versatile programming language, provides robu

2024-12-26 comment 0  760

Article Introduction：Potential Pitfalls of Using Bitwise Swap in Object-Oriented ProgrammingIn object-oriented programming, the practice of swapping objects by...

2024-12-03 comment 0  472

Article Introduction：Inheritance in PHP object-oriented programming means that one class (subclass) can inherit the properties and methods of another class (parent class) to implement code reuse and clearer structure. 1. Create subclasses using extends keyword; 2. Subclasses can call parent class methods and modify their behavior through rewriting; 3. Applicable to "is-a" relationships to avoid deep inheritance hierarchy and tight coupling. For example, the Dog class inherits the Animal class and overrides the speak() method, which can both reuse code and customize functions.

2025-06-22 comment 0  900

Article Introduction：This article explains Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in PHP 7, highlighting its benefits: modularity, reusability, maintainability, and improved code organization. It details classes, objects, inheritance, and polymorphism, illustrating their use

2025-03-10 comment 0  955

Article Introduction：Article discusses object-oriented programming (OOP), its principles like encapsulation, inheritance, and differences from procedural programming. Widely used in GUI, web, game development, and more.

2025-03-19 comment 0  1077

Article Introduction：Object means a real-world entity such as a pen, chair, table, computer, watch, etc. Object-Oriented Programming is a methodology or paradigm to design a program using classes and objects. It simplifies software development and maintenance by providin

2025-01-02 comment 0  519

Article Introduction：Deeply discussing properties and states in object-oriented programming. In object-oriented programming, the concepts of properties and state are often confused, and there is a subtle between them...

2025-04-19 comment 0  385

Article Introduction：Class and Instance Attributes: Variables Inside and Outside of __init__()In object-oriented programming, class attributes and instance attributes...

2024-10-27 comment 0  924

Article Introduction：Understanding the Difference Between 'self' and '$this' in PHP 5When working with object-oriented programming in PHP 5, it's crucial to grasp the...

2024-12-17 comment 0  521

Article Introduction：At first, I will start a series to explain OOP in Python. ? What is Object-Oriented Programming? ???? Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that organizes code around objects rather than functions and logic. Objects

2024-12-14 comment 0  355