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Course Introduction：PHP has eight magic constants that change automatically according to usage location for debugging, logging, and dynamic functions. 1.LINE returns the current line number, which is convenient for positioning errors; 2.FILE returns the absolute path of the current file, which is often used to include files or log records; 3.DIR returns the directory where the current file is located, which is recommended for path reference; 4. FUNCTION returns the current function name, which is suitable for function-level debugging; 5.CLASS returns the current class name, which contains namespace, which is suitable for class context recognition; 6.TRAIT returns the current trait name, which points to the trait itself even when called in the class; 7.METHOD returns the class name and method name of the current method (such as Class::method), which is used for tracing

2025-07-30 comment 0  618

Course Introduction：Python supports multiple inheritance, allowing subclasses to inherit methods and attributes from multiple parent classes. When multiple parent classes exist, Python determines which parent class method to call through MRO (method parsing order); MRO follows C3 linearization rules and can be viewed through .mro(). For example, the MRO of classC(A,B) is [C,A,B], calling C().do_it() will execute the method in A. If you need to run the methods A and B at the same time, you can call them explicitly. Multi-inheritance is suitable for combining different behaviors. The common pattern is to use the mixin class to achieve specific functional extensions. If LoggerMixin adds logging function, DatabaseSaver implements data storage, UserManager inherits two

2025-07-18 comment 0  943

Course Introduction：Decorators are functions used to modify other functions or class behaviors without changing the source code. Metaclasses are used to create class control classes. Decorators are often used for code reuse, separation of concerns and more concise syntax, such as permission checking, logging, etc.; metaclasses are suitable for the creation of unified control classes, automated registration mechanisms, and mandatory coding specifications, such as ORM framework development; the execution order when decorators are nested is from bottom to top, and functools.wraps can be used to retain the original function information, and metaclasses usually rewrite the __new__ method; the difference between the two is that the function objects are different, the decorators are targeted for functions or classes, and metaclasses are targeted for class definitions. The use of decorators is more common in frequency, and the understanding of the difficulty is more complicated.

2025-07-24 comment 0  532

Course Introduction：PHP functions can return objects. 1. You can create objects directly in the function and return them, such as using stdClass or custom class instances; 2. It is often used to encapsulate data in the MVC framework to improve code readability and maintainability; 3. Support type prompts to enhance code robustness; 4. Pay attention to ensuring that the object is initialized correctly and handle possible failures, such as returning null or throwing exceptions.

2025-07-06 comment 0  556

Course Introduction：Mixed type prompts used in PHP to indicate that function parameters or return values ??can accept any type and are suitable for scenarios where data types are uncertain. Its main uses include handling dynamic content, building general tool functions and framework callbacks. However, using mixed will bring about problems such as reduced type safety and restricted IDE support, so it should be used only if necessary. Alternatives include using joint types, interface or base class constraints, and manual type checking to improve code stability and readability.

2025-07-07 comment 0  828

Course Elementary  13889

Course Introduction：Scala Tutorial Scala is a multi-paradigm programming language, designed to integrate various features of object-oriented programming and functional programming.

Course Elementary  82443

Course Introduction："CSS Online Manual" is the official CSS online reference manual. This CSS online development manual contains various CSS properties, definitions, usage methods, example operations, etc. It is an indispensable online query manual for WEB programming learners and developers! CSS: Cascading Style Sheets (English full name: Cascading Style Sheets) is an application used to express HTML (Standard Universal Markup Language).

Course Elementary  13237

Course Introduction：SVG is a markup language for vector graphics in HTML5. It maintains powerful drawing capabilities and at the same time has a very high-end interface to operate graphics by directly operating Dom nodes. This "SVG Tutorial" is intended to allow students to master the SVG language and some of its corresponding APIs, combined with the knowledge of 2D drawing, so that students can render and control complex graphics on the page.

Course Elementary  24695

Course Introduction：In the "AngularJS Chinese Reference Manual", AngularJS extends HTML with new attributes and expressions. AngularJS can build a single page application (SPAs: Single Page Applications). AngularJS is very easy to learn.

Course Elementary  27540

Course Introduction：Go is a new language, a concurrent, garbage-collected, fast-compiled language. It can compile a large Go program in a few seconds on a single computer. Go provides a model for software construction that makes dependency analysis easier and avoids most C-style include files and library headers. Go is a statically typed language, and its type system has no hierarchy. Therefore users do not need to spend time defining relationships between types, which feels more lightweight than typical object-oriented languages. Go is a completely garbage-collected language and provides basic support for concurrent execution and communication. By its design, Go is intended to provide a method for constructing system software on multi-core machines.