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Course Introduction：Use static methods when accessing instances or class properties is not required, which acts as a standalone helper function in the class for logically related but stateless operations. 1. The static method is decorated with @staticmethod and does not receive self or cls parameters; 2. It can be called directly through the class name without instantiation; 3. It is suitable for general logic such as tool functions or data verification, such as judging whether age is adult; 4. Unlike instance methods and class methods, static methods cannot access instances or class data; 5. The main advantage is to improve the organization and readability of the code, which is suitable for scenarios that do not depend on the state of the object.

2025-08-08 comment 0  221

Course Introduction：@classmethod is used in Python to define a class method that receives a class (cls) as the first parameter, not an instance (self), allowing it to access or modify class-level data or create instances. It is suitable for alternative constructors, handling class-level states, and implementing factory patterns. Unlike @staticmethod, the latter does not receive class or instance parameters. For example, you can use @classmethod to implement different object creation methods, such as initializing Person instances with full names. Additionally, @classmethod performs well in inheritance and will correctly pass its own class when called. When using it, make sure that the test class and instance call behavior are consistent and avoid overuse.

2025-06-27 comment 0  162

Course Introduction：The descriptor protocol controls attribute access by implementing the __get__, __set__ or __delete__ methods. 1. Define a class to implement the __get__, __set__ or __delete__ methods; 2. Use an instance of this class as a class attribute of another class; 3. Automatically trigger the corresponding method when accessing the attribute. For example, StringDescriptor ensures that the attribute is a string type, and calls __get__ when accessing, checks the type through __set__ when assigning, and calls __delete__ when deleting. The priority of data descriptor (implementation __set__) is higher than that of instance __dict__, and is often used in scenarios such as type verification, ORM fields, etc., using __dict

2025-07-25 comment 0  343

Course Introduction：This article explores how to implement deep dictionary merging using Python's collections.ChainMap. Standard ChainMap only provides shallow merging, that is, only the first value is taken when a duplicate key is encountered. For nested dictionary scenarios, we customize the DeepChainMap class and rewrite its __getitem__ method, so that it can recursively merge dictionary values under the same key, thereby implementing complex deep merging logic and effectively processing multi-layer nested data structures.

2025-08-11 comment 0  686

Course Introduction：The purpose of implementing the Repository mode in Laravel is to decouple business logic and data access layer and improve code maintainability and scalability. 1. Create Interface and specific implementation classes; 2. Bind the interface to the implementation class through ServiceProvider; 3. Dependency injection interface in the Controller and call methods. Use the app/Repositories directory to store the UserRepositoryInterface and EloquentUserRepository examples, register the binding through the bind method, and access user data using dependency injection in the UserController. This mode is suitable for multiple data sources

2025-07-20 comment 0  815

Course Elementary  13880

Course Introduction：Scala Tutorial Scala is a multi-paradigm programming language, designed to integrate various features of object-oriented programming and functional programming.

Course Elementary  82435

Course Introduction："CSS Online Manual" is the official CSS online reference manual. This CSS online development manual contains various CSS properties, definitions, usage methods, example operations, etc. It is an indispensable online query manual for WEB programming learners and developers! CSS: Cascading Style Sheets (English full name: Cascading Style Sheets) is an application used to express HTML (Standard Universal Markup Language).

Course Elementary  13229

Course Introduction：SVG is a markup language for vector graphics in HTML5. It maintains powerful drawing capabilities and at the same time has a very high-end interface to operate graphics by directly operating Dom nodes. This "SVG Tutorial" is intended to allow students to master the SVG language and some of its corresponding APIs, combined with the knowledge of 2D drawing, so that students can render and control complex graphics on the page.

Course Elementary  24687

Course Introduction：In the "AngularJS Chinese Reference Manual", AngularJS extends HTML with new attributes and expressions. AngularJS can build a single page application (SPAs: Single Page Applications). AngularJS is very easy to learn.

Course Elementary  27532

Course Introduction：Go is a new language, a concurrent, garbage-collected, fast-compiled language. It can compile a large Go program in a few seconds on a single computer. Go provides a model for software construction that makes dependency analysis easier and avoids most C-style include files and library headers. Go is a statically typed language, and its type system has no hierarchy. Therefore users do not need to spend time defining relationships between types, which feels more lightweight than typical object-oriented languages. Go is a completely garbage-collected language and provides basic support for concurrent execution and communication. By its design, Go is intended to provide a method for constructing system software on multi-core machines.