在Node.js 中執(zhí)行命令列二進(jìn)位檔案

將CLI 函式庫從其他語言移植到Node.js 時(shí)，執(zhí)行第三方二進(jìn)位檔案是一項(xiàng)重要任務(wù)。要在Node.js 中實(shí)現(xiàn)此目的，有幾個(gè)可用的模組：

child_process.exec

對於緩衝輸出，請使用exec:

const { exec } = require('child_process');
exec('cat *.js bad_file | wc -l', (err, stdout, stderr) => {
  if (err) return; // Node couldn't execute the command

  console.log(`stdout: ${stdout}`);
  console.log(`stderr: ${stderr}`);
});

child_process .spawn

如果您喜歡以流的形式接收輸出，請使用spawn:

const { spawn } = require('child_process');
const child = spawn('ls', ['-lh', '/usr']);

// For text chunks, use `child.stdout.setEncoding('utf8');`
child.stdout.on('data', (chunk) => { /* data in chunks */ });

// Pipe the stream elsewhere
child.stderr.pipe(dest);

child.on('close', (code) => { console.log(`Exited with code ${code}`); });

同步選項(xiàng)

Node.js 還提供exec 和spawn 函數(shù)的同步對應(yīng)項(xiàng)：

const { execSync } = require('child_process');
let stdout = execSync('ls');

const { spawnSync} = require('child_process');
const child = spawnSync('ls', ['-lh', '/usr']);

console.log('error', child.error);
console.log('stdout ', child.stdout);
console.log('stderr ', child.stderr);

歷史支援

對於ES5 之前的Node.js版本，通常使用以下方法使用：

// Complete output as a buffer
var exec = require('child_process').exec;
exec('prince -v builds/pdf/book.html -o builds/pdf/book.pdf',
  function(error, stdout, stderr) { // command output in stdout });

// Handling large output chunks with streams
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
var child = spawn('prince', ['-v', 'builds/pdf/book.html', '-o', 'builds/pdf/book.pdf']);

// Output in chunks
child.stdout.on('data', (chunk) => { /* data in chunks */ });

// Piping output
child.stdout.pipe(dest);

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