Laravel 中的Seeder 是用於向數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)添加初始或測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)的工具。它不同於遷移文件，後者用於創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)，而Seeder 負(fù)責(zé)填充實(shí)際內(nèi)容，且具有可重複執(zhí)行、版本控制和環(huán)境共享等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 1. 創(chuàng)建Seeder 使用Artisan 命令php artisan make:seeder UsersTableSeeder；2. 在生成的文件中編寫插入邏輯，如使用DB::table('users')->insert([...])；3. 在DatabaseSeeder 的run() 方法中調(diào)用自定義Seeder，如$this->call(UsersTableSeeder::class)；4. 可通過(guò)php artisan db:seed 運(yùn)行所有Seeder，或指定類運(yùn)行單個(gè)Seeder。實(shí)用建議包括：盡可能使用模型工廠生成數(shù)據(jù)、在需要時(shí)先清空表再填充、注意Seeder 執(zhí)行順序以避免外鍵約束問(wèn)題、以及根據(jù)環(huán)境條件控制Seeder 執(zhí)行範(fàn)圍。 Seeder 雖不顯眼，但在項(xiàng)目初始化和測(cè)試階段非常關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)保持其整潔與有序。

When working with Laravel, "seeders" are a way to populate your database with initial or test data. They're super useful for setting up default values like admin users, categories, statuses, or any other baseline data your app needs to run smoothly.

Unlike migrations, which create the structure of your database, seeders fill in the actual content. And unlike manually inserting rows into a table, they're repeatable, version-controlled, and easy to share across environments.

What Exactly Are Seeders?

In Laravel, a seeder is a class that contains logic to insert records into your database tables. These classes live in the database/seeders directory by default.

Laravel uses a base seeder ( DatabaseSeeder ) to act as a starting point. From there, you can either add all your seeding logic directly inside this file or split it into multiple dedicated seeders — one per model or table, for example.

You run them using the Artisan command:

 php artisan db:seed

This command runs all the seeders in the order defined in the run method of DatabaseSeeder .

How Do You Create and Use Seeders?

Here's how to work with seeders step by step:

• Create a new seeder
  Use the Artisan command:

   php artisan make:seeder UsersTableSeeder

  This creates a new file under database/seeders/UsersTableSeeder.php .

• Write your seeding logic
  Open the generated file and update the run() method. Here's an example:

   public function run()
  {
      DB::table('users')->insert([
          'name' => 'Admin User',
          'email' => 'admin@example.com',
          'password' => bcrypt('password'),
      ]);
  }

• Call your custom seeder from DatabaseSeeder
  In database/seeders/DatabaseSeeder.php , use the call() method to include your custom seeder:

   public function run()
  {
      $this->call(UsersTableSeeder::class);
  }

You can also seed multiple tables by calling multiple seeders in sequence.

Tips for Using Seeders Effectively

If you're dealing with large datasets or complex relationships, here are some practical tips:

• Use factories when possible
  Factories allow you to generate fake data quickly without writing every field manually. For example:

   \App\Models\User::factory(10)->create();

• Truncate before seeding (if needed)
  If you want to reset the table each time, use DB::statement('TRUNCATE TABLE users'); at the start of your seeder.

• Order matters
  If your tables have foreign key constraints, make sure parent tables are seeded first. For example, seed categories before products.

• Seed specific environments only
  Wrap certain seeding logic in checks if it should only run in local or testing environments:

   if (app()->isLocal()) {
      // seed extra dev/test data
  }

• Run individual seeders
  You don't always have to run everything. To run just one:

   php artisan db:seed --class=UsersTableSeeder

  ---

  Final Notes on Seeders

  Seeders aren't glamorous, but they save time during setup and testing. Whether you're building a fresh environment or preparing fixtures for unit tests, having reliable, repeatable data helps avoid headaches later.

  Just remember to keep them clean, versioned, and well-organized — especially as your project grows.

  基本上就這些。

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