Windows認(rèn)證適用于內(nèi)部應(yīng)用，通過域賬戶自動(dòng)驗(yàn)證；步驟為打開IIS管理器，選擇站點(diǎn)，啟用Windows認(rèn)證，并確保使用HTTPS。Forms認(rèn)證適合自定義登錄頁面，需在web.config中配置登錄URL、超時(shí)時(shí)間，并開發(fā)登錄頁面驗(yàn)證用戶，同時(shí)加密密碼和使用HTTPS。Basic認(rèn)證輕量但不安全，僅在啟用HTTPS時(shí)使用，需在IIS中啟用并配合本地或域賬戶，常因忽略HTTPS導(dǎo)致密碼泄露。

Setting up authentication methods in IIS isn't hard, but you need to know which one fits your situation. Here's a straightforward breakdown of how to configure Windows, Forms, and Basic authentication in IIS — what they do, when to use them, and how to set them up properly.

Windows Authentication – Best for Internal Apps

This method checks the user’s Windows credentials automatically. It’s ideal for internal company apps where users are already signed into a domain.

To enable it:

• Open IIS Manager
• Select your site or app
• Go to "Authentication" under IIS section
• Right-click "Windows Authentication" and select "Enable"

One thing to watch: if you're using this over the internet, make sure you have HTTPS set up. Also, some browsers (like Chrome) may not handle Windows auth as smoothly as Edge or Firefox in certain setups.

Forms Authentication – For Custom Login Pages

This is the go-to option if you want your own login form and manage users separately from Windows accounts.

You’ll need to configure it in the web.config file. Here’s a basic setup:

<authentication mode="Forms">
  <forms loginUrl="~/Login.aspx" timeout="30" />
</authentication>

What this does:

• Redirects unauthenticated users to your login page
• Sets a cookie after successful login
• Times out after 30 minutes by default

You also need to create a login page that validates users — usually against a database. Make sure to hash passwords and use HTTPS to protect credentials.

Basic Authentication – Lightweight but Insecure Without HTTPS

Basic auth sends username and password in base64 encoding — so it's only safe if used with HTTPS.

To enable:

• Turn on "Basic Authentication" in IIS Manager like with Windows auth
• You’ll also need a user store; it can work with local or domain accounts

A common gotcha: many people forget to enforce HTTPS, leaving passwords exposed. If you must use Basic auth, always pair it with SSL.

Each method has its place: Windows for intranet apps, Forms for custom web apps with their own user system, and Basic for lightweight APIs — but only with HTTPS.

基本上就這些。

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