AJAX 可用來與數(shù)據(jù)庫進行動態(tài)通信。
AJAX 數(shù)據(jù)庫實例
下面的例子將演示網(wǎng)頁如何通過 AJAX 從數(shù)據(jù)庫讀取信息: 請在下面的下拉列表中選擇一個客戶:
實例
<html><!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <script> function showCustomer(str) { var xmlhttp; if (str=="") { document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML=""; return; } if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); } else {// code for IE6, IE5 xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function() { if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200) { document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML=xmlhttp.responseText; } } xmlhttp.open("GET","/try/ajax/getcustomer.php?q="+str,true); xmlhttp.send(); } </script> </head> <body> <form action=""> <select name="customers" onchange="showCustomer(this.value)" style="font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <option value="APPLE">Apple Computer, Inc.</option> <option value="BAIDU ">BAIDU, Inc</option> <option value="Canon">Canon USA, Inc.</option> <option value="Google">Google, Inc.</option> <option value="Nokia">Nokia Corporation</option> <option value="SONY">Sony Corporation of America</option> </select> </form> <br> <div id="txtHint">Customer info will be listed here...</div> </body> </html>
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實例解釋 - showCustomer() 函數(shù)
當用戶在上面的下拉列表中選擇某個客戶時,會執(zhí)行名為 "showCustomer()" 的函數(shù)。該函數(shù)由 "onchange" 事件觸發(fā):
function showCustomer(str)
{
var xmlhttp;
if (str=="")
{
document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML="";
return;
}
if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
{// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
}
else
{// code for IE6, IE5
xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()
{
if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200)
{
document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML=xmlhttp.responseText;
}
}
xmlhttp.open("GET","getcustomer.html?q="+str,true);
xmlhttp.send();
}
{
var xmlhttp;
if (str=="")
{
document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML="";
return;
}
if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
{// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
}
else
{// code for IE6, IE5
xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()
{
if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200)
{
document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML=xmlhttp.responseText;
}
}
xmlhttp.open("GET","getcustomer.html?q="+str,true);
xmlhttp.send();
}
showCustomer() 函數(shù)執(zhí)行以下任務(wù):
檢查是否已選擇某個客戶
創(chuàng)建 XMLHttpRequest 對象
當服務(wù)器響應(yīng)就緒時執(zhí)行所創(chuàng)建的函數(shù)
把請求發(fā)送到服務(wù)器上的文件
請注意我們向 URL 添加了一個參數(shù) q (帶有輸入域中的內(nèi)容)
AJAX 服務(wù)器頁面
由上面的 JavaScript 調(diào)用的服務(wù)器頁面是 PHP 文件,名為 "getcustomer.php"。
用 PHP 編寫服務(wù)器文件也很容易,或者用其他服務(wù)器語言。請看用 PHP 編寫的相應(yīng)的例子。
"getcustomer.php" 中的源代碼負責(zé)對數(shù)據(jù)庫進行查詢,然后用 HTML 表格返回結(jié)果:
<%
response.expires=-1
sql="SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS WHERE CUSTOMERID="
sql=sql & "'" & request.querystring("q") & "'"
set conn=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")
conn.Provider="Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0"
conn.Open(Server.Mappath("/db/northwind.mdb"))
set rs=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.recordset")
rs.Open sql,conn
response.write("<table>")
do until rs.EOF
for each x in rs.Fields
response.write("<tr><td><b>" & x.name & "</b></td>")
response.write("<td>" & x.value & "</td></tr>")
next
rs.MoveNext
loop
response.write("</table>")
%>
response.expires=-1
sql="SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS WHERE CUSTOMERID="
sql=sql & "'" & request.querystring("q") & "'"
set conn=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")
conn.Provider="Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0"
conn.Open(Server.Mappath("/db/northwind.mdb"))
set rs=Server.CreateObject("ADODB.recordset")
rs.Open sql,conn
response.write("<table>")
do until rs.EOF
for each x in rs.Fields
response.write("<tr><td><b>" & x.name & "</b></td>")
response.write("<td>" & x.value & "</td></tr>")
next
rs.MoveNext
loop
response.write("</table>")
%>