sqlite

Database; use; embedded relational database

having

英['h?v??] 美[ 'h?v??]

n. All, hold

v. Have (present participle of have); (in kinship relationship) accept; take; buy

SQLiteHavingfunctions syntax

Function: The HAVING clause allows you to specify conditions to filter the grouped results that will appear in the final result.

The WHERE clause sets conditions on the selected columns, while the HAVING clause sets conditions on the grouping created by the GROUP BY clause.

Syntax: The following is the position of the HAVING clause in the SELECT query:

SELECT
FROM
WHERE
GROUP BY
HAVING
ORDER BY

In a query, the HAVING clause must be placed after the GROUP BY clause and before the ORDER BY clause. The following is the syntax of a SELECT statement containing a HAVING clause:

SELECT column1, column2
FROM table1, table2
WHERE [ conditions ]
GROUP BY column1, column2
HAVING [ conditions ]
ORDER BY column1, column2

SQLiteHavingfunctions example

 COMPANY 表有以下記錄：

ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
1           Paul        32          California  20000.0
2           Allen       25          Texas       15000.0
3           Teddy       23          Norway      20000.0
4           Mark        25          Rich-Mond   65000.0
5           David       27          Texas       85000.0
6           Kim         22          South-Hall  45000.0
7           James       24          Houston     10000.0
8           Paul        24          Houston     20000.0
9           James       44          Norway      5000.0
10          James       45          Texas       5000.0
下面是一個(gè)實(shí)例，它將顯示名稱計(jì)數(shù)小于 2 的所有記錄：

sqlite > SELECT * FROM COMPANY GROUP BY name HAVING count(name) < 2;
這將產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果：

ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
2           Allen       25          Texas       15000
5           David       27          Texas       85000
6           Kim         22          South-Hall  45000
4           Mark        25          Rich-Mond   65000
3           Teddy       23          Norway      20000
下面是一個(gè)實(shí)例，它將顯示名稱計(jì)數(shù)大于 2 的所有記錄：

sqlite > SELECT * FROM COMPANY GROUP BY name HAVING count(name) > 2;
這將產(chǎn)生以下結(jié)果：

ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY
----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------
10          James       45          Texas       5000