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How to Generate Secure Random Alphanumeric Strings for Verification Links in PHP?
How to Generate Secure Random Alphanumeric Strings for Verification Links in PHP?
Dec 22, 2024 pm 09:47 PM
Generating a Random, Unique Alphanumeric String for Verification Links in PHP
When registering on a website, you often receive an email containing a link to verify your account. This link requires a unique, random string to ensure its authenticity. Here's how to generate such a string in PHP.
Using PHP 7 Standard Library (Recommended)
PHP 7 introduced random_bytes($length) function for generating cryptographically secure pseudo-random bytes.
$bytes = random_bytes(20); var_dump(bin2hex($bytes));
PHP 5 (Outdated)
For outdated PHP versions, use bin2hex(openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($bytes)), which generates a random alphanumeric string of length = $bytes * 2.
Enhanced Cryptographically Secure Function
The following function satisfies all security criteria:
function getToken($length)
{
$token = "";
$codeAlphabet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
$max = strlen($codeAlphabet);
for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
$token .= $codeAlphabet[crypto_rand_secure(0, $max - 1)];
}
return $token;
}
crypto_rand_secure($min, $max) uses openssl_random_pseudo_bytes to generate a random number between $min and $max. getToken($length) creates a custom alphabet and generates a string of length $length.
Conclusion
Using these functions, you can generate robust random and unique strings for various security-related purposes, such as verification links and password retrieval tokens.
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