To use ActiveRecord in Yii effectively, you create a model class for each table and interact with the database using object-oriented methods. First, define a model class extending yii\db\ActiveRecord and specify the corresponding table name via tableName(). You can generate models automatically using tools like Gii or create them manually. Second, fetch data using static methods like find(), findOne(), and findAll(), optionally chaining query-building methods like where(), orderBy(), and limit(). Third, insert new records by instantiating the model, setting attributes, and calling save(). Fourth, update existing records by retrieving them first, modifying attributes, and saving again — note that save() handles both insertions and updates automatically. Fifth, delete records by calling delete() on an instance or deleteAll() with conditions to remove multiple rows. Remember to handle validation and consider soft deletes to avoid accidental data loss.
Using the ActiveRecord pattern in Yii is straightforward once you get the hang of it. The main idea is that each database table corresponds to a model class, and each row becomes an instance of that class. This makes working with your database more intuitive and object-oriented.
Here’s how you can effectively use ActiveRecord in Yii:
Setting up Your Model
First, you need a model class that extends ActiveRecord. Yii provides a code generator (like Gii) to help create these models automatically based on your database schema.
You can also do it manually by creating a PHP class like this:
namespace app\models;
use yii\db\ActiveRecord;
class User extends ActiveRecord
{
public static function tableName()
{
return 'user';
}
}Make sure the tableName() method returns the correct name of your database table.
Tips:
- You can place models under any namespace, but
app\modelsis common. - If your table has a prefix or different naming convention, adjust accordingly.
Fetching Data from the Database
Once your model is set up, retrieving data is simple. You can use methods like find(), findOne(), or findAll().
For example:
// Get one user by primary key $user = User::findOne(123); // Get multiple users by condition $users = User::findAll(['status' => 1]); // Get all users $allUsers = User::find()->all();
Use query conditions wisely:
- Use
where()for filtering results - Chain methods like
orderBy(),limit()for advanced queries
If you're used to writing raw SQL, keep in mind that these methods generate queries safely and protect against SQL injection.
Inserting and Updating Records
To create a new record:
$user = new User(); $user->name = 'John Doe'; $user->email = 'john@example.com'; $user->save();
Updating is almost the same:
$user = User::findOne(123); $user->email = 'newemail@example.com'; $user->save();
Some things to watch out for:
- Make sure validation passes before saving (unless you use
save(false)to skip validation) - Check
$model->hasErrors()if something fails
Also, remember that calling save() will either insert a new row or update an existing one depending on whether the model already exists in the database.
Deleting Records
Deleting is as easy as calling delete() on a model instance:
$user = User::findOne(123); $user->delete();
Or delete multiple records at once:
User::deleteAll(['status' => 0]);
But be careful:
- There's no undo — consider soft deletes if needed
- Avoid deleting without conditions unless you really mean it
That’s basically how you work with ActiveRecord in Yii. It simplifies database interactions by letting you treat rows as objects while still giving you flexibility when you need custom queries or logic.
The above is the detailed content of How do I use the ActiveRecord pattern in Yii?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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