How to compile Nginx with custom modules from source? First, prepare the required dependencies and tools, and then add the module path through the --add-module parameter in the configuration stage, and finally compile and install. The specific steps are as follows: 1. Install necessary dependencies such as GCC, PCRE, zlib, OpenSSL and make; 2. Download and decompress the Nginx source code; 3. Use the --add-module parameter to specify the module path when executing the ./configure command, and enable other modules or options as needed; 4. Run make and sudomakeinstall to complete the compilation and installation; 5. Use the nginx-V command to verify whether the module is successfully added; 6. Modify ngin

To enable the GeoIP module in Nginx to achieve country-based access control, you need to follow the following steps: 1. Install the MaxMind GeoIP database; 2. Download and compile the NginxGeoIP module; 3. Load the database path in the configuration file; 4. Use the geoip_country variable to make conditional judgments. For example, the definition in the configuration allows only specific countries to access, and other countries return a 403 error. The GeoIP database is mainly derived from MaxMind, and you can choose a free monthly update version or a paid high-precision version. When updating, download the latest data packet to replace the old files and reload the Nginx configuration. It is recommended to set up scheduled tasks to update automatically to ensure accuracy. When using it, you need to pay attention to the possibility of proxy and CDN

In Nginx or load balancers, max_fails and fail_timeout are used to control the processing policies in case of backend server failures. 1.max_fails defines the number of failures allowed in the specified time window. If the number exceeds this number, the server is marked as unavailable; for example, setting max_fails=3 means that the system will not mark the server as downtime only after three failures. 2. Fail_timeout defines two aspects: one is the time window for failure counting, and the other is the duration when the server is marked as pausing the request after failure; for example, setting fail_timeout=10s means that the system only counts the number of failures in the last 10 seconds, and pauses the use of it for 10 seconds after the server fails. 3.

The sticky session configuration based on ip_hash is not complicated and is suitable for traditional web applications that need to maintain the session state. 1. The principle is to have hash calculations based on the client IP, and the request is fixedly assigned to the same back-end server; 2. When configuring, add ip_hash; instructions to Nginx's upstream module and list the back-end server address; 3. When using it, pay attention to IP changes, capacity expansion and shrinkage, IPv4/IPv6 differences, and the inability to share with other load balancing strategies; 4. Alternative solutions include cookie-based sticky sessions, Session sharing, and front-end routing token mechanisms. Overall, ip_hash is a lightweight and effective option, but it needs to be evaluated in combination with business needs.

OCSPStapling is a technology that optimizes HTTPS handshake, allowing the server to actively provide certificate revocation status information during the TLS handshake, avoiding the client requesting the CA's OCSP server separately. 1. It speeds up page loading, reduces CA pressure, and improves security; 2. Enable in Nginx to ensure that the certificate supports OCSP, the certificate chain is complete, and Nginx supports OpenSSL; 3. The specific steps include merging the certificate chain files, configuring ssl_certificate, opening ssl_stapling and ssl_stapling_verify, and setting up DNS resolvers; 4. Common problems include not supporting the client, no OCSP address for the certificate, and DN

To start, stop or restart Nginx, the specific commands depend on the system type and installation method. 1. For modern systems that use systemd (such as Ubuntu16.04, Debian8, CentOS7), you can use: sudosystemctlstartnginx, sudosystemctlstopnginx, sudosystemctlrestartnginx, and use sudosystemctlreloadnginx after configuration changes; 2. For old systems that use SysVinit, use the service command: sudoservicenginxstart,

To assign different weights to the backend server, you must first configure weight parameters in the load balancer, such as Nginx, HAProxy or load balancing functions provided by cloud services. 1. The weight determines the traffic allocation ratio. The higher the value, the more allocation requests are, but it is not a percentage, but a relative value. 2. The weights take effect differently under different algorithms. The polling algorithm is allocated by the number of times, and the minimum connection algorithm affects priority. 3. Verify whether the weight is effective. You can observe the traffic through accessing log statistics, monitoring tools or using test tools to simulate traffic. 4. Note that some platforms such as Kubernetes do not directly support weights, and need to be implemented with the help of other strategies. Correct understanding of the weighting mechanism and scheduling algorithm of the load balancer used is the key to ensuring the configuration is effective.

AstrongSSL/TLSciphersuiteforNginxbalancessecurity,compatibility,andperformancebyprioritizingmodernencryptionalgorithmsandforwardsecrecywhileavoidingdeprecatedprotocols.1.UseTLS1.2andTLS1.3,disablingolderinsecureversionslikeSSLv3andTLS1.0/1.1viassl_pr