redis中文手冊(cè)：http://readthedocs.org/docs/redis/en/latest/?
本文是參考《redis中文手冊(cè)》，將示例代碼用php來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，注意php-redis與redis_cli的區(qū)別（主要是返回值類型和參數(shù)用法）。
目錄(使用CTRL+F快速查找命令)：
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phpredis是redis的php的一個(gè)擴(kuò)展，效率是相當(dāng)高有鏈表排序功能，對(duì)創(chuàng)建內(nèi)存級(jí)的模塊業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系
很有用;以下是redis官方提供的命令使用技巧:
下載地址如下：
https://github.com/owlient/phpredis（支持redis 2.0.4）
Redis::__construct構(gòu)造函數(shù)
$redis = new Redis();
connect, open 鏈接redis服務(wù)
參數(shù)
host: string，服務(wù)地址
port: int,端口號(hào)
timeout: float,鏈接時(shí)長(zhǎng) (可選, 默認(rèn)為 0 ，不限鏈接時(shí)間)
注: 在redis.conf中也有時(shí)間，默認(rèn)為300
pconnect, popen 不會(huì)主動(dòng)關(guān)閉的鏈接
參考上面
setOption 設(shè)置redis模式
getOption 查看redis設(shè)置的模式
ping?查看連接狀態(tài)
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KEY相關(guān)操作
DEL
移除給定的一個(gè)或多個(gè)key。
如果key不存在，則忽略該命令。
時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(N)，N為要移除的key的數(shù)量。
移除單個(gè)字符串類型的key，時(shí)間復(fù)雜度為O(1)。
移除單個(gè)列表、集合、有序集合或哈希表類型的key，時(shí)間復(fù)雜度為O(M)，M為以上數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)的元素?cái)?shù)量。返回值：被移除key的數(shù)量。
KEYSKEYS pattern?查找符合給定模式的key。
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<span style="max-width:90%">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">DEL</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> #</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況1： 刪除單個(gè)key</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->set('myname','ikodota'); <span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->get('myname').'<br>'; <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 返回:ikodota</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->del('myname');<span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 返回 TRUE(1)</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->get('myname')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 返回 bool(false)</span> <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況2： 刪除一個(gè)不存在的key</span><span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">if</span>(!<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->exists('fake_key')) <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 不存在</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->del('fake_key')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 返回 int(0)</span> <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況3： 同時(shí)刪除多個(gè)key</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$array_mset</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">array</span>('first_key'=>'first_val', 'second_key'=>'second_val', 'third_key'=>'third_val'); <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->mset(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$array_mset</span>); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">用MSET一次儲(chǔ)存多個(gè)值</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$array_mget</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">array</span>('first_key','second_key','third_key'); <span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->mget(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$array_mget</span>)); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">一次返回多個(gè)值 //array(3) { [0]=> string(9) "first_val" [1]=> string(10) "second_val" [2]=> string(9) "third_val" }</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>-><strong>del</strong>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$array_mget</span>); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">同時(shí)刪除多個(gè)key</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->mget(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$array_mget</span>)); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">返回 array(3) { [0]=> bool(false) [1]=> bool(false) [2]=> bool(false) }</span>
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KEYSKEYS pattern?查找符合給定模式的key。
KEYS?*命中數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中所有key。
KEYS?h?llo命中hello，?hallo?and?hxllo等。
KEYS?h*llo命中hllo和heeeeello等。
KEYS?h[ae]llo命中hello和hallo，但不命中hillo。
特殊符號(hào)用"\"隔開
時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(N)，N為數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中key的數(shù)量。返回值：符合給定模式的key列表。警告 :KEYS的速度非?？?，但在一個(gè)大的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中使用它仍然可能造成性能問(wèn)題，如果你需要從一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)集中查找特定的key，你最好還是用集合(Set)。
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<span style="max-width:90%">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">KEYS</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> #</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis->FLUSHALL();</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$array_mset_keys</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">array</span>('one'=>'1', 'two'=>'2', 'three '=>'3', 'four'=>'4'); <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->mset(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$array_mset_keys</span>); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">用MSET一次儲(chǔ)存多個(gè)值</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->keys('*o*')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">array(3) { [0]=> string(4) "four" [1]=> string(3) "two" [2]=> string(3) "one" }</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->keys('t??')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">array(1) { [0]=> string(3) "two" }</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->keys('t[w]*')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">array(1) { [0]=> string(3) "two" }</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">print_r</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->keys('*')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">Array ( [0] => four [1] => three [2] => two [3] => one )</span>
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RANDOMKEY
從當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中隨機(jī)返回(不刪除)一個(gè)key。
時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(1)返回值：當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)不為空時(shí)，返回一個(gè)key。
當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)為空時(shí)，返回nil。
TTL
TTL key
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<span style="max-width:90%">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">RANDOMKEY</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->FLUSHALL(); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況1：數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)不為空</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$array_mset_randomkey</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">array</span>('fruit'=>'apple', 'drink'=>'beer', 'food'=>'cookis'); <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->mset(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$array_mset_randomkey</span>); <span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->randomkey(); <span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">print_r</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->keys('*')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 查看數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)內(nèi)所有key，證明RANDOMKEY并不刪除key//Array ( [0] => food [1] => drink [2] => fruit )</span> <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況2：數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)為空</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->flushdb(); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 刪除當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)所有key</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>-> randomkey()); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">bool(false)</span>
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TTLTTL key
返回給定key的剩余生存時(shí)間(time to live)(以秒為單位)。
時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(1)返回值：
key的剩余生存時(shí)間(以秒為單位)。
當(dāng)key不存在或沒(méi)有設(shè)置生存時(shí)間時(shí)，返回-1?。
EXISTSEXISTS key
RENAMENX?RENAMENX key newkey
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<span style="max-width:90%">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">TTL</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> #</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況1：帶TTL的key</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->flushdb(); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis->set('name','ikodota'); # 設(shè)置一個(gè)key</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->expire('name',30); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 設(shè)置生存時(shí)間為30秒 //return (integer) 1</span><span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->get('name'); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">return ikodota</span><span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->ttl('name'); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">(integer) 25//echo $redis->ttl('name'); # 30秒過(guò)去，name過(guò)期 //(integer) -1</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->get('name')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 過(guò)期的key將被刪除 //return bool(false);</span> <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況2：不帶TTL的key</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->set('site','wikipedia.org');<span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">OK</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->ttl('site'));<span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">int(-1)</span> <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況3：不存在的key</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->EXISTS('not_exists_key');<span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">int(0)</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->TTL('not_exists_key'));<span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">int(-1)</span>
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EXISTSEXISTS key檢查給定key是否存在。
時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(1)返回值：若key存在，返回1，否則返回0。<span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">EXISTS</span><span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> '<br>EXISTS<br>'; <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->set('db',"redis"); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">bool(true) </span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->exists('db')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> key存在 //bool(true) </span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->del('db'); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 刪除key //int(1)</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->exists('db')) <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> key不存在 //bool(false)</span>
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MOVE
MOVE key db
將當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(默認(rèn)為0)的key移動(dòng)到給定的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)db當(dāng)中。
如果當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù))和給定數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù))有相同名字的給定key，或者key不存在于當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，那么MOVE沒(méi)有任何效果。
因此，也可以利用這一特性，將MOVE當(dāng)作鎖(locking)原語(yǔ)。
時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(1)返回值：移動(dòng)成功返回1，失敗則返回0。<span style="max-width:90%">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">MOVE</span><span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> '<br><br>MOVE<br>'; <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況1： key存在于當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SELECT(0); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> redis默認(rèn)使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)0，為了清晰起見，這里再顯式指定一次。//OK</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('song',"secret base - Zone"); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">OK</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span> (<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->MOVE('song',1)); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 將song移動(dòng)到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)1 //bool(true)</span> <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況2：當(dāng)key不存在的時(shí)候</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SELECT(1); <span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span> (<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->EXISTS('fake_key'));<span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">bool(false);</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->MOVE('fake_key', 0)); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 試圖從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)1移動(dòng)一個(gè)不存在的key到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)0，失敗) //bool(false)</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SELECT(0); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)0</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->EXISTS('fake_key')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 證實(shí)fake_key不存在 //bool(false)</span> <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況3：當(dāng)源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)有相同的key時(shí)</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SELECT(0); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)0</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('favorite_fruit',"banana"); <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SELECT(1); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)1</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('favorite_fruit',"apple"); <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SELECT(0); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)0，并試圖將favorite_fruit移動(dòng)到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)1</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->MOVE('favorite_fruit',1)); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 因?yàn)閮蓚€(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)有相同的key，MOVE失敗 //return bool(false)</span><span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->GET('favorite_fruit'); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)0的favorite_fruit沒(méi)變 //return banana</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SELECT(1); <span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->GET('favorite_fruit'); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)1的favorite_fruit也是 //return apple</span>
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RENAME?
將key改名為newkey。
當(dāng)key和newkey相同或者key不存在時(shí)，返回一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。
當(dāng)newkey已經(jīng)存在時(shí)，RENAME命令將覆蓋舊值。
時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(1)返回值：改名成功時(shí)提示OK，失敗時(shí)候返回一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。<span style="max-width:90%">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">RENAME</span><span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> '<br><br>RENAME<br>'; <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況1：key存在且newkey不存在</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('message',"hello world"); <span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>-><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">RENAME</span>('message','greeting')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">bool(true)</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->EXISTS('message')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> message不復(fù)存在 //bool(false)</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->EXISTS('greeting')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> greeting取而代之 //bool(true)</span> <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況2：當(dāng)key不存在時(shí)，返回錯(cuò)誤 ,php返回false;</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>-><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">RENAME</span>('fake_key','never_exists')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">bool(false)</span> <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況3：newkey已存在時(shí)，RENAME會(huì)覆蓋舊newkey</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('pc',"lenovo"); <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('personal_computer',"dell"); <span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>-><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">RENAME</span>('pc','personal_computer')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">bool(true)</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->GET('pc')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">(nil) bool(false)</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->GET('personal_computer')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> dell“沒(méi)有”了 //string(6) "lenovo"</span>
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RENAMENX?RENAMENX key newkey當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)newkey不存在時(shí)，將key改為newkey。
出錯(cuò)的情況和RENAME一樣(key不存在時(shí)報(bào)錯(cuò))。
時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(1)返回值：修改成功時(shí)，返回1。
如果newkey已經(jīng)存在，返回0。
TYPETYPE key
<span style="max-width:90%">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">RENAMENX</span><span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> '<br><br>RENAMENX<br>'; <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況1：newkey不存在，成功</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('player',"MPlyaer"); <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->EXISTS('best_player'); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">int(0)</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->RENAMENX('player','best_player')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> bool(true) </span> <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 情況2：newkey存在時(shí)，失敗</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('animal',"bear"); <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('favorite_animal', "butterfly"); <span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->RENAMENX('animal', 'favorite_animal'));<span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> bool(false)</span> <span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->get('animal')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">string(4) "bear"</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->get('favorite_animal')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">string(9) "butterfly"</span>
TYPETYPE key返回key所儲(chǔ)存的值的類型。
時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(1)返回值：
none(key不存在) int(0)
string(字符串) int(1)
list(列表) int(3)
set(集合) int(2)
zset(有序集) int(4)
hash(哈希表) int(5)
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<span style="max-width:90%">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">TYPE</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->flushALL(); <span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> '<br><br>TYPE<br>'; <span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->TYPE('fake_key')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">none /int(0)</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('weather',"sunny"); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 構(gòu)建一個(gè)字符串</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->TYPE('weather'));<span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">string / int(1)</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SADD('pat',"dog"); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 構(gòu)建一個(gè)集合</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->TYPE('pat')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">set /int(2)</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->LPUSH('book_list',"programming in scala"); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 構(gòu)建一個(gè)列表</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->TYPE('book_list'));<span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">list / int(3) </span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->ZADD('pats',1,'cat'); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 構(gòu)建一個(gè)zset (sorted set) // int(1)</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->ZADD('pats',2,'dog'); <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->ZADD('pats',3,'pig'); <span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->zRange('pats',0,-1)); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> array(3) { [0]=> string(3) "cat" [1]=> string(3) "dog" [2]=> string(3) "pig" }</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->TYPE('pats')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">zset / int(4)</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->HSET('website','google','www.g.cn'); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 一個(gè)新域</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->HGET('website','google')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">string(8) "www.g.cn"</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->TYPE('website')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">hash /int(5)</span>
EXPIRE
EXPIRE key seconds
為給定key設(shè)置生存時(shí)間。
當(dāng)key過(guò)期時(shí)，它會(huì)被自動(dòng)刪除。
在Redis中，帶有生存時(shí)間的key被稱作“易失的”(volatile)。
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在低于2.1.3版本的Redis中，已存在的生存時(shí)間不可覆蓋。
從2.1.3版本開始，key的生存時(shí)間可以被更新，也可以被PERSIST命令移除。(詳情參見?http://redis.io/topics/expire)。
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時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(1)返回值：設(shè)置成功返回1。
當(dāng)key不存在或者不能為key設(shè)置生存時(shí)間時(shí)(比如在低于2.1.3中你嘗試更新key的生存時(shí)間)，返回0。
EXPIREAT?EXPIREAT key timestamp
<span style="max-width:90%">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">EXPIRE</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->select(7); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis->flushdb();</span> <span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> '<br><br>EXPIRE<br>'; <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('cache_page',"www.cnblogs.com/ikodota"); <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->EXPIRE('cache_page', 30); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 設(shè)置30秒后過(guò)期</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">sleep</span>(6); <span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->TTL('cache_page').'<br>'; <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 查看給定key的剩余生存時(shí)間 //(integer) 24</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->EXPIRE('cache_page', 3000); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 更新生存時(shí)間，3000秒</span><span style="color: #008080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">sleep</span>(4); <span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->TTL('cache_page').'<br>'; <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">(integer) 2996</span>
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EXPIREAT?EXPIREAT key timestampEXPIREAT的作用和EXPIRE一樣，都用于為key設(shè)置生存時(shí)間。
不同在于EXPIREAT命令接受的時(shí)間參數(shù)是UNIX時(shí)間戳(unix timestamp)。
時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(1)返回值：如果生存時(shí)間設(shè)置成功，返回1。
當(dāng)key不存在或沒(méi)辦法設(shè)置生存時(shí)間，返回0。
OBJECT?OBJECT subcommand [arguments [arguments]]
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<span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">EXPIREAT</span><span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> '<br><br>EXPIREAT<br>'; <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('cache','www.google.com'); <span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->EXPIREAT('cache','1355292000'); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;"> 這個(gè)key將在2012.12.12過(guò)期</span> <span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> (<span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->TTL('cache')); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">return 124345085</span>
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OBJECT?OBJECT subcommand [arguments [arguments]]OBJECT命令允許從內(nèi)部察看給定key的Redis對(duì)象。
它通常用在除錯(cuò)(debugging)或者了解為了節(jié)省空間而對(duì)key使用特殊編碼的情況。
當(dāng)將Redis用作緩存程序時(shí)，你也可以通過(guò)OBJECT命令中的信息，決定key的驅(qū)逐策略(eviction policies)。
OBJECT命令有多個(gè)子命令：
-
OBJECT?REFCOUNT?
返回給定key引用所儲(chǔ)存的值的次數(shù)。此命令主要用于除錯(cuò)。 -
OBJECT?ENCODING?
返回給定key鎖儲(chǔ)存的值所使用的內(nèi)部表示(representation)。 -
OBJECT?IDLETIME?
返回給定key自儲(chǔ)存以來(lái)的空轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間(idle， 沒(méi)有被讀取也沒(méi)有被寫入)，以秒為單位。
對(duì)象可以以多種方式編碼：
- 字符串可以被編碼為raw(一般字符串)或int(用字符串表示64位數(shù)字是為了節(jié)約空間)。
- 列表可以被編碼為ziplist或linkedlist。ziplist是為節(jié)約大小較小的列表空間而作的特殊表示。
- 集合可以被編碼為intset或者hashtable。intset是只儲(chǔ)存數(shù)字的小集合的特殊表示。
- 哈希表可以編碼為zipmap或者hashtable。zipmap是小哈希表的特殊表示。
- 有序集合可以被編碼為ziplist或者skiplist格式。ziplist用于表示小的有序集合，而skiplist則用于表示任何大小的有序集合。
假如你做了什么讓Redis沒(méi)辦法再使用節(jié)省空間的編碼時(shí)(比如將一個(gè)只有1個(gè)元素的集合擴(kuò)展為一個(gè)有100萬(wàn)個(gè)元素的集合)，特殊編碼類型(specially encoded types)會(huì)自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換成通用類型(general type)。時(shí)間復(fù)雜度：O(1)返回值：
REFCOUNT和IDLETIME返回?cái)?shù)字。
ENCODING返回相應(yīng)的編碼類型。
<span style="max-width:90%">//</span><span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">OBJECT</span><span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->select(8); <span style="color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important;">echo</span> '<br><br>OBJECT<br>'; <span style="color: #800080; line-height: 1.5 !important;">$redis</span>->SET('game',"WOW"); <span style="color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important;">#</span><span style="color: #00"></span>
