


Create a simple template engine in php, php template engine_PHP tutorial
Jul 12, 2016 am 08:54 AMphp制作簡單模版引擎,php模版引擎
PHP模板引擎就是一個(gè)PHP類庫,使用它可以使PHP代碼和HTML代碼進(jìn)行分離,使代碼的可讀性和維護(hù)性得到顯著提高。而且這樣做的好處是,讓美工專心設(shè)計(jì)HTML前臺頁面,程序員專心去寫PHP業(yè)務(wù)邏輯。因此,?;婧苓m合公司的Web開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)使用,使每個(gè)人都能發(fā)揮其特長
下面我們就來看看如何簡單的來實(shí)現(xiàn)php的模板引擎
parser.class.php
<?php /** * 模版解析類 */ class Parser { // 字段,接收模版文件內(nèi)容 private $_tpl; // 構(gòu)造方法,獲取模版文件內(nèi)容 public function __construct($_tplFile) { if (! $this->_tpl = file_get_contents($_tplFile)) { exit('ERROR:模版文件讀取錯(cuò)誤'); } } // 解析普通變量 private function parvar() { $_patten = '/<!--\s+\{\$([\w]+)\}\s+-->/'; if (preg_match($_patten,$this->_tpl)) { $this->_tpl = preg_replace($_patten, "<?php echo \$this->_vars['$1'];?>",$this->_tpl); } } //解析IF語句 private function parif(){ $_pattenif = '/<!--\s+\{if\s+\$([\w]+)\}\s+-->/'; $_pattenElse = '/<!--\s+\{else\}\s+-->/'; $_pattenEndif = '/<!--\s+\{\/if\}\s+-->/'; if (preg_match($_pattenif,$this->_tpl)) { if (preg_match($_pattenEndif,$this->_tpl)) { $this->_tpl = preg_replace($_pattenif,"<?php if (\$this->_vars['$1']){?>",$this->_tpl); $this->_tpl = preg_replace($_pattenEndif,"<?php } ?>",$this->_tpl); if (preg_match($_pattenElse,$this->_tpl)) { $this->_tpl = preg_replace($_pattenElse,"<?php }else{?>",$this->_tpl); } }else{ echo 'ERROR:IF語句沒有關(guān)閉!'; } } } //PHP注釋解析 private function parCommon(){ $_pattenCommon = '/<!--\s+\{#\}(.*)\{#\}\s+-->/'; if (preg_match($_pattenCommon,$this->_tpl)) { $this->_tpl = preg_replace($_pattenCommon,"<?php /* $1 */ ?>",$this->_tpl); } } //解析foreach語句 private function parForeach(){ $_pattenForeach = '/<!--\s+\{foreach\s+\$([\w]+)\(([\w]+),([\w]+)\)\}\s+-->/'; $_pattenForeachEnd = '/<!--\s+\{\/foreach\}\s+-->/'; $_pattenForeachValue = '/<!--\s+\{@([\w]+)\}\s+-->/'; if (preg_match($_pattenForeach,$this->_tpl)) { if (preg_match($_pattenForeachEnd,$this->_tpl)) { $this->_tpl = preg_replace($_pattenForeach, "<?php foreach (\$this->_vars['$1'] as \$$2=>\$$3) {?>", $this->_tpl); $this->_tpl = preg_replace($_pattenForeachEnd, "<?php }?>", $this->_tpl); if (preg_match($_pattenForeachValue, $this->_tpl)) { $this->_tpl = preg_replace($_pattenForeachValue,"<?php echo \$$1;?>",$this->_tpl); } }else{ echo 'ERROR:Foreach語句沒有關(guān)閉!'; } } } //解析include方法 private function parInclude(){ $_pattenInclude = '/<!--\s+\{include\s+file=\"([\w\.\-]+)\"\}\s+-->/'; if (preg_match($_pattenInclude,$this->_tpl,$_file,$_file)) { if (!file_exists($_file[1])||empty($_file)) { echo 'ERROR:包含文件出錯(cuò)!'; } $this->_tpl = preg_replace($_pattenInclude,"<?php include '$1';?>",$this->_tpl); } } //解析系統(tǒng)變量方法 private function parConfig(){ $_pattenConfig = '/<!--\s+\{([\w]+)\}\s+-->/'; if (preg_match($_pattenConfig,$this->_tpl)) { $this->_tpl = preg_replace($_pattenConfig,"<?php echo \$this->_config['$1'];?>",$this->_tpl); } } // 對外公共方法 public function compile($_path) { // 解析模版文件 $this->parvar(); $this->parif(); $this->parForeach(); $this->parInclude(); $this->parCommon(); $this->parConfig(); // 生成編譯文件 if (! file_put_contents($_path, $this->_tpl)) { exit('ERROR:編譯文件生成錯(cuò)誤!'); } } } ?>
Templates.class.php
<?php /** * 模版類 */ class Templates { //注入變量 private $_vars = array(); //保存系統(tǒng)變量數(shù)組字段 private $_config = array(); //創(chuàng)建一個(gè)構(gòu)造方法,來檢測各個(gè)目錄是否存在 public function __construct() { if (! is_dir(TPL_DIR) || ! is_dir(TPL_C_DIR) || ! is_dir(CACHE) || !is_dir(CONFIG)) { echo 'ERROR:模版目錄或編譯目錄,緩存目錄不存在!自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建!'."<br />"; if (!is_dir(TPL_DIR)) { mkdir(TPL_DIR); echo '模版目錄'.TPL_DIR.'建立'."<br />"; } if (!is_dir(TPL_C_DIR)) { mkdir(TPL_C_DIR); echo '編譯目錄'.TPL_C_DIR.'建立'."<br />"; } if (!is_dir(CACHE)) { mkdir(CACHE); echo '緩存目錄'.CACHE.'建立'."<br />"; } if (!is_dir(CONFIG)) { mkdir(CONFIG); echo '緩存目錄'.CONFIG.'建立'."<br />"; } exit(); } //保存系統(tǒng)變量 $_sxe = simplexml_load_file(CONFIG.'/config.xml'); $_tagLib = $_sxe->xpath('/root/taglib'); foreach ($_tagLib as $_tag) { $this->_config["$_tag->name"] = $_tag->value; } } //assign()方法,用于注入變量 public function assign($_var,$_value){ //$_var用于同步模版里的變量名 //$_value表示值 if (isset($_var)&&!empty($_var)) { $this->_vars[$_var] = $_value; }else{ exit('ERROR:設(shè)置模版變量!'); } } //display()方法 public function display($_file) { $_tplFile = TPL_DIR . $_file; // 判斷文件是否存在 if (! file_exists($_tplFile)) { echo 'ERROR:模版文件不存在!自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建Index.tpl模版文件!'; file_put_contents($_tplFile,'Index'); exit(); } //生成編譯文件 $_path = TPL_C_DIR.md5($_file).'-'.$_file.'.php'; //緩存文件 $_cacheFile = CACHE.md5($_file).'-'.$_file.'.html'; //當(dāng)?shù)诙芜\(yùn)行相同文件,直接載入緩存文件 if (IS_CACHE) { //判斷緩存文件和編譯文件都存在 if (file_exists($_cacheFile)&&file_exists($_path)) { //判斷模版文件是否修改過 if (filemtime($_path)>=filemtime($_tplFile)&&filemtime($_cacheFile)>=filemtime($_path)) { include $_cacheFile; echo '<!--cache-->'; return; } } } //當(dāng)編譯文件不存在或者文件發(fā)生改變則重新生成 if (!file_exists($_path)||filemtime($_path)<filemtime($_tplFile)) { require ROOT_PATH.'/Class/parser.class.php'; //構(gòu)造方法是傳入模版文件地址 $_parser = new Parser($_tplFile); //傳入編譯文件地址 $_parser->compile($_path); } //載入編譯文件 include $_path; if (IS_CACHE) { //獲取緩沖區(qū)數(shù)據(jù) file_put_contents($_cacheFile,ob_get_contents()); //清楚緩沖區(qū) ob_end_clean(); //載入緩存文件 include $_cacheFile; } } } ?>
templates.php
<?php //設(shè)置字符編碼UTF-8 header('Content-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8'); //網(wǎng)站根目錄 define('ROOT_PATH',dirname(__FILE__)); //存放模版文件夾 define('TPL_DIR',ROOT_PATH.'/Templates/'); //編譯文件夾 define('TPL_C_DIR',ROOT_PATH.'/Templates_c/'); //緩存文件夾 define('CACHE',ROOT_PATH.'/Cache/'); //系統(tǒng)變量配置目錄 define('CONFIG',ROOT_PATH.'/Config/'); //是否開啟緩沖區(qū) define('IS_CACHE',false);//false //判斷是否需要開啟 IS_CACHE ? ob_start() : null; //引入模版類 require ROOT_PATH.'/Class/Templates.class.php'; //實(shí)例化模版類 $_tpl=new Templates(); $_tpl->display('index.tpl'); ?>
templates/index.tpl
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zn-cn"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta name="description" content=""> <meta name="keywords" content=""> <meta name="author" content=""> <meta name="author" content=""> <title><!-- {WebName} --></title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/bootstrap.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css"> </head> <body> <!-- {#}php注釋{#} --> <!-- {if $a} --> 123 <!-- {else} --> 321 <!-- {/if} --> <br /> <!-- {foreach $array(key,value)} --> <!-- {@key} -->...<!-- {@value} --><br /> <!-- {/foreach} --> 系統(tǒng)變量<!-- {WebName} --><br /> 普通變量<!-- {$name} --><br /> <script src="/js/jquery-2.2.1.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/js/bootstrap.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> </body> </html>
config/config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <root> <taglib> <name>WebName</name> <value>XXX網(wǎng)站</value> </taglib> </root>
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