PHP-FPM achieves performance optimization, php-fpm performance optimization

Introduction:

PHP-FPM is a PHP FastCGI manager. Generally, when running PHP programs on Nginx, the PHP programs will be thrown to PHP-FPM for parsing. Okay, that’s it!

PHP 5.4 has integrated PHP-FPM, which means that when compiling PHP, just --enable-fpm will install PHP-FPM.

1. Install PHP-FPM

shell > ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ \
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-gd --with-xsl --with-bz2 \
--with-zlib --with-curl --with-pear --without-iconv --with-mcrypt \
--with-gettext --with-openssl --with-libxml-dir --with-png-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir \
--with-libdir=lib64 --enable-ftp --enable-fpm --enable-opcache --enable-exif --enable-soap --enable-bcmath --enable-calendar \
--enable-sockets --enable-mbstring --enable-gd-native-ttf --disable-rpath --disable-debug

## Did you see the bunch of parameters above? This is compiling PHP. One of the parameters is --enable-fpm. Yes, this is to enable the PHP-FPM extension.

shell > make; make install

2. Configure PHP-FPM

shell > cp /usr/local/src/php-5.6.17/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/php.ini # 這是 PHP 的配置文件
shell > cp /usr/local/src/php-5.6.17/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm # 這是 PHP-FPM 的啟動腳本
shell > cd /usr/local/php/etc/
shell > cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf # 復(fù)制一份配置文件
shell > vim php-fpm.conf

[global]

pid = run/php-fpm.pid # PID
rlimit_files = 65535 # 打開文件數(shù)限制

[www] # 進(jìn)程池

user = nginx # 以 nginx 身份運(yùn)行
group = nginx

listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 # 監(jiān)聽本機(jī)的 9000 端口

;listen = /dev/shm/php-cgi.sock; # 監(jiān)聽 UNIX SOCKET ，并把 SOCKET 放在了內(nèi)存空間中，速度更快 ( Nginx 也要相應(yīng)修改 )！
;listen.backlog = 10240 # UNIX SOCKET 的方式高并發(fā)下有點(diǎn)不穩(wěn)定，該參數(shù)用來緩解 ( SOCKET 等待隊(duì)列長度 )

;listen.owner = nginx # UNIX SOCKET 的權(quán)限
;listen.group = nginx
;listen.mode = 0660

pm = dynamic # 創(chuàng)建進(jìn)程的方式，動態(tài)創(chuàng)建
pm.max_children = 32 # 最大進(jìn)程數(shù) ( 不能只看內(nèi)存來創(chuàng)建，要看具體使用率，有時內(nèi)存足夠，進(jìn)程數(shù)大多時，導(dǎo)致 CPU 頻繁上下文切換，負(fù)載會很高 )
pm.start_servers = 5 # 初始進(jìn)程數(shù)
pm.min_spare_servers = 5 # 最小空閑進(jìn)程數(shù)
pm.max_spare_servers = 10 # 最大空閑進(jìn)程數(shù)

pm.status_path = /php_status # PHP-FPM 狀態(tài)監(jiān)控 ( Nginx 要設(shè)置訪問權(quán)限 )

shell > service php-fpm start

3. Monitoring PHP-FPM

shell > vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

location ~ /php_status { # 創(chuàng)建一個單獨(dú)的 server 或直接在 server {} 中加入配置

  access_log off;

  allow 127.0.0.1;
  allow 36.110.41.194; # 做好權(quán)限
  deny all;

  fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # 如果是 UNIX SOCKET 的方式，要類似這樣寫: fastcgi_pass unix:/dev/shm/php-cgi.sock;
  fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $fastcgi_script_name;
  include fastcgi_params;
}

shell > kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`

shell > curl http://127.0.0.1/php_status # 訪問該路徑得到如下數(shù)據(jù)
pool: www               # 進(jìn)程池名稱
process manager: dynamic        # 進(jìn)程管理方式
start time: 22/Jan/2016:15:49:00 +0800 # 啟動時間
start since: 375            # 運(yùn)行時長
accepted conn: 7            # 當(dāng)前進(jìn)程池接受的請求數(shù)
listen queue: 0            # 請求等待隊(duì)列，如果不為 0 ，意味著 FPM 進(jìn)程不足，需要增加
max listen queue: 0          # 最大等待隊(duì)列數(shù)量
listen queue len: 1024         # SOCKET 等待隊(duì)列長度
idle processes: 4           # 空閑進(jìn)程數(shù)
active processes: 1          # 活躍的進(jìn)程數(shù)
total processes: 5           # 總進(jìn)程數(shù)
max active processes: 1        # 最大活躍進(jìn)程數(shù)
max children reached: 0        # 達(dá)到最大進(jìn)程數(shù)的次數(shù)，如果不為 0 ，意味著最大進(jìn)程數(shù)不足，需要增加
slow requests: 0            # 慢請求數(shù)量，需要設(shè)置 slow log

shell > curl http://127.0.0.1/php_status # 這里有多種參數(shù)供選擇，例如: http://127.0.0.1/php_status?html 、?json 、?xml 、?full

# I think the ?json format is the best to use python script for monitoring!

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