Apache installation and configuration, Apache installation configuration

Install Apache

1. Download the apache software http://www.apache.org

2. Installation

Install as administrator

3. Set the host name and domain name

4. Select the installation type

5. Customize the installation path

6. Start installation

7. Installation completed

8. Test:

Enter localhost in the browser’s address bar

Apache directory structure:

bin directory:

Apache’s main configuration file

httpd.conf is the main configuration file, located in the conf directory

SeverRoot

Server root directory (apache installation directory)

Example:

ServerRoot "D:/wamp1027"

Listen 80

Listening port

Example:

Listen 80

Set multiple listening ports

Listen 80

Listen 5000

Load function module

user The group name to which the user belongs

Example:

User daemon

group group name

Example:

Group daemon

ServerAdmin

Administrator email

Example:

ServerAdmin 20151027@itcast.net

ServerName

Set domain name (host name)

Example:

#ServerName localhost:80

DocumentRoot

The site root directory is mainly used to suggest the mapping relationship between domain names and directories internally.

Example:

DocumentRoot "D:/wamp1027/htdocs"

The role of domain name:

1. Provide external access (ISP’s DNS server completes the function)

2. Establish a mapping relationship between domain names and directories internally (just use the servername and documentroot options in the configuration file to configure)

Related settings for directories

#Directory related configuration

Directory related configuration:

Default homepage

DirectoryIndex is mainly used to return the home page file when the access request only specifies the domain name but not the specific file.

Example:

DirectoryIndex Home 1 Home 2

Whether directory structure listing is allowed

Options Indexes

Function: When the requested homepage file does not exist, whether to allow the directory structure to be listed. It is very unsafe. The website must be closed after it goes online (do not write this item)

AllowOverride

Mainly used to set whether to open external configuration files (.htaccess)

Set directory permissions

order

Form 1:

order deny,allow

Function: Allow all if there is no explicit rejection

Form 2:

order allow,deny

Function: Deny all if there is no explicit permission

Configure the deny and allow items using deny and allow

Example 1:

order deny,allow

deny from 192.168.10.11

allow from all

Except for the denial of 192.168.10.11, all others are allowed (regardless of the order of deny and allow specific items)

Example 2:

order allow,deny

allow from 192.168.10.11

deny from all

Only 192.168.10.11 is allowed to access, and all others are denied (regardless of the order of deny and allow specific items)

Configuration of virtual host:

Extended configuration file httpd-vhosts.conf, located in the extra directory under the conf directory

NameVirtualHost ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? turning on the virtual host based on the domain name

NameVirtualHost *:80

Virtual host usage:

#Host configuration items

IP based hosting

Requirements:

There is a company with a server and three network cards

Network card 1: 192.168.10.11 www.fist.com d:/php_folder/20151027/20151201/first

Network card 2: 192.168.10.22 www.second.com

d:/php_folder/20151027/20151201/second

Network card 3: 192.168.10.33 www.third.com

d:/php_folder/20151027/20151201/second

Configuration steps:

1. Use host file to simulate DNS server

2. Enable loading of extended configuration files in the main configuration file

Create a virtual host in the extension configuration file

Configuration based on domain name

Requirements: Company A has a server with only a network card interface

Configure two hosts

192.168.20.11 www.one.com d:/php_folder/20151027/20151201/one

192.168.20.11 www.two.com d:/php_folder/20151027/20151201/two

Example:

Port based configuration

Requirements:

Company A has a server

A fixed IP: 192.168.30.11

For all ordinary access, use the www.234.com domain name to operate through port 80

Require all administrators to use port 5000 for backend system management

Example:

Listening port

host file

Virtual host configuration

AllowOverride

Used to open external configuration file .htaccess

.htaccess’s main functions are redirection, anti-leeching, and custom error message prompt pages.

Modification of .htaccess file does not require restarting apache

.htaccess file needs to be created using the editor save method

.htaccess file only takes effect in the current directory

1. Customized error page

Example 1:

Step 1: Open the external configuration file .htaccess file

Step 2: Set up a custom error message page in the .htaccess file

Example 2:

Step 1:

Step 2:

Create an image resource directory in the root directory, and create a .htaccess file in this directory with the following content:

Disable access to all files in this directory

Step 3:

2. Redirect

When accessing a file in directory A in the root directory of the site, it will automatically redirect to directory B (or a directory under another host)

Apache working mode

Apache only supports HTML files by default. It can support PHP through modules (plug-ins) and can also be connected to Tomcat to support JSP.

All functional extensions of Apache are implemented in the form of modules, and modules can be understood as plug-ins.

Illustration:

Example:

Apache implements user authentication

Step 1: Enable the following function modules

Step 2:

Use htpasswd.exe file to create a password file, the running environment is cmd

htpasswd syntax:

htpasswd -c password file username

It is used to recreate the password file.

Example:

Step three:

Set authentication method

Syntax:

AuthType Basic

Step 4:

Setting realm is to give a display name to the authenticated folder, which will be displayed to the user when they access it.

Syntax:

AuthName 'Prompt message'

Example:

Step 5:

Set up authentication user password file

Syntax:

AuthUserFile 'The directory where the password file is located'

Example:

Step 6: Set verification username

Authenticate multiple users

require user user1 user2 user3

Authenticate all users

require valid-user

Add authenticated user

Syntax:

htpasswd 'User password file' username

Example:

Delete user

Syntax:

htpasswd -D 'User password file' username

Full code example: