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/ 網(wǎng)格視圖
網(wǎng)格視圖
響應式 Web 設計 - 網(wǎng)格視圖
什么是網(wǎng)格視圖?
很多網(wǎng)頁都是基于網(wǎng)格設計的，這說明網(wǎng)頁是按列來布局的。
使用網(wǎng)格視圖有助于我們設計網(wǎng)頁。這讓我們向網(wǎng)頁添加元素變的更簡單。
響應式網(wǎng)格視圖通常是 12 列，寬度為100%，在瀏覽器窗口大小調(diào)整時會自動伸縮。
創(chuàng)建響應式網(wǎng)格視圖
接下來我們來創(chuàng)建一個響應式網(wǎng)格視圖。
首先確保所有的 HTML 元素都有 box-sizing 屬性且設置為 border-box。
確保邊距和邊框包含在元素的寬度和高度間。
添加如下代碼：
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}查看更多 box-sizing 內(nèi)容請點擊：CSS3 box-sizing 屬性 。
以下實例演示了簡單的響應式網(wǎng)頁，包含兩列：
實例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>php中文網(wǎng)</title>
<style>
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.header {
border: 1px solid red;
padding: 15px;
}
.menu {
width: 25%;
float: left;
padding: 15px;
border: 1px solid red;
}
.main {
width: 75%;
float: left;
padding: 15px;
border: 1px solid red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="header">
<h1>Chania</h1>
</div>
<div class="menu">
<ul>
<li>The Flight</li>
<li>The City</li>
<li>The Island</li>
<li>The Food</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="main">
<h1>The City</h1>
<p>Chania is the capital of the Chania region on the island of Crete. The city can be divided in two parts, the old town and the modern city.</p>
<p>Resize the browser window to see how the content respond to the resizing.</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>運行實例 ?
點擊 "運行實例" 按鈕查看在線實例
以上實例包含兩列。
12 列的網(wǎng)格系統(tǒng)可以更好的控制響應式網(wǎng)頁。
首先我們可以計算每列的百分比: 100% / 12 列 = 8.33%。
在每列中指定 class， class="col-" 用于定義每列有幾個 span ：
實例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>php 中文網(wǎng)</title>
<style>
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.header {
border: 1px solid red;
padding: 15px;
}
.row:after {
content: "";
clear: both;
display: block;
}
[class*="col-"] {
float: left;
padding: 15px;
border: 1px solid red;
}
.col-1 {width: 8.33%;}
.col-2 {width: 16.66%;}
.col-3 {width: 25%;}
.col-4 {width: 33.33%;}
.col-5 {width: 41.66%;}
.col-6 {width: 50%;}
.col-7 {width: 58.33%;}
.col-8 {width: 66.66%;}
.col-9 {width: 75%;}
.col-10 {width: 83.33%;}
.col-11 {width: 91.66%;}
.col-12 {width: 100%;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="header">
<h1>Chania</h1>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-3">
<ul>
<li>The Flight</li>
<li>The City</li>
<li>The Island</li>
<li>The Food</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-9">
<h1>The City</h1>
<p>Chania is the capital of the Chania region on the island of Crete. The city can be divided in two parts, the old town and the modern city.</p>
<p>Resize the browser window to see how the content respond to the resizing.</p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>運行實例 ?
點擊 "運行實例" 按鈕查看在線實例
所有的列向左浮動，間距(padding) 為 15px：
CSS:
[class*="col-"] {
float: left;
padding: 15px;
border: 1px solid red;
}
float: left;
padding: 15px;
border: 1px solid red;
}
每一行使用 <div> 包裹。所有列數(shù)加起來應為 12：
<div class="row">
<div class="col-3">...</div>
<div class="col-9">...</div>
</div>
<div class="col-3">...</div>
<div class="col-9">...</div>
</div>
列中行為左浮動，并添加清除浮動：
CSS:
.row:after {
content: "";
clear: both;
display: block;
}
content: "";
clear: both;
display: block;
}
我們可以添加一些樣式和顏色，讓其更好看：
實例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>php 中文網(wǎng)</title>
<style>
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.row:after {
content: "";
clear: both;
display: block;
}
[class*="col-"] {
float: left;
padding: 15px;
}
.col-1 {width: 8.33%;}
.col-2 {width: 16.66%;}
.col-3 {width: 25%;}
.col-4 {width: 33.33%;}
.col-5 {width: 41.66%;}
.col-6 {width: 50%;}
.col-7 {width: 58.33%;}
.col-8 {width: 66.66%;}
.col-9 {width: 75%;}
.col-10 {width: 83.33%;}
.col-11 {width: 91.66%;}
.col-12 {width: 100%;}
html {
font-family: "Lucida Sans", sans-serif;
}
.header {
background-color: #9933cc;
color: #ffffff;
padding: 15px;
}
.menu ul {
list-style-type: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.menu li {
padding: 8px;
margin-bottom: 7px;
background-color :#33b5e5;
color: #ffffff;
box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.24);
}
.menu li:hover {
background-color: #0099cc;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="header">
<h1>Chania</h1>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-3 menu">
<ul>
<li>The Flight</li>
<li>The City</li>
<li>The Island</li>
<li>The Food</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-9">
<h1>The City</h1>
<p>Chania is the capital of the Chania region on the island of Crete. The city can be divided in two parts, the old town and the modern city.</p>
<p>Resize the browser window to see how the content respond to the resizing.</p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>運行實例 ?
點擊 "運行實例" 按鈕查看在線實例