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Managing Dependencies with Java Maven or Gradle

In Java projects, the following key points must be mastered: 1. Understand dependency transfer and scope, and reasonably set the scope of compile, runtime, test, etc. to avoid redundant dependencies; 2. Unify the version number, centrally manage it through Maven's properties or Gradle's versions.gradle, and use BOM to unify the dependency set version; 3. Use tools such as mvndopendency:tree or gradled dependencies to troubleshoot conflicts, and resolve conflicts by explicitly specifying the version, excluding dependencies or force strategies; 4. In multi-module projects, Maven uses the parent POM and G

Jul 04, 2025 am 12:43 AM

Immutability of String Objects in Java Explained

StringsinJavaareimmutableforperformance,security,andmemoryefficiency.1.ImmutabilityallowstheJVMtooptimizestringpooling,reducingmemoryusagebyreusingidenticalstringobjects.2.Securityisenhancedbecausemutablestringscouldbealteredunexpectedlywhenpassedtom

Jul 04, 2025 am 12:42 AM

java string

Introduction to Java Native Interface (JNI) Use Cases

Common usage scenarios for JNI include improving the execution efficiency of performance-sensitive parts, accessing operating system or hardware-specific features, reusing existing local library resources, and enhancing security and anti-reverse protection. 1. For high-performance tasks such as image processing, encryption and decryption, C/C can be used to implement key logic through JNI to improve efficiency, but attention should be paid to cross-language call overhead; 2. When accessing device drivers, sensor data or system APIs is required, it can be implemented with the help of the JNI call platform related local libraries, and compatibility issues should be considered; 3. In order to reuse existing C/C code assets, it can be encapsulated through JNI for Java application calls to reduce duplicate development, but a reasonable interface should be designed; 4. Placing the key logic at the native layer can increase the reverse difficulty

Jul 04, 2025 am 12:26 AM

jni

What is `BufferedWriter`?

BufferedWriter is a class in Java for efficient writing character streams. It reduces the number of I/O operations through a buffering mechanism and improves performance. 1. When creating, you need to pass in FileWriter or other Writer subclasses; 2. Common methods include write() to write strings, newLine() to break lines, flush() to force refresh, close() to close() to close the stream; 3. Use try-with-resources to ensure automatic closing of the stream; 4. Appropriately refresh, handle exceptions, and prioritize large amounts of data writing.

Jul 03, 2025 am 02:24 AM

What is type erasure?

TypingasureexistsinlanguagoezeslikejavaandwifttomaintainbackwardcompatibilityandruntimeefficiCybyremoving generative type formation runningime.1.Tensurescompile-TimetypesafetywoodburdeningTeRuntime-TimeTata.2.injava-TimeTata.2.injavaTueCileCilePedata.2.

Jul 03, 2025 am 02:23 AM

How to write to a file in Java?

Writing files in Java can be implemented in many ways, mainly including the following methods: 1. Use FileWriter and BufferedWriter to create a BufferedWriter object and call the write method to write content, supporting append mode and automatic resource management; 2. Use the Files class (recommended), and write string or list content at one time through the Files.write method, supporting overwrite and append mode, and specifying character sets; in addition, you need to pay attention to common problems such as paths, encodings, permissions and newlines to ensure that the file is written correctly.

Jul 03, 2025 am 02:22 AM

Difference between `volatile` and `synchronized`?

volatileensuresvisibilityofvariablechangesacrossthreadsbutlacksatomicity,whilesynchronizedprovidesbothvisibilityandatomicity.Usevolatileforsingleoperationswithoutcompoundactions,likesettingflags.Usesynchronizedformulti-stepoperationsrequiringmutualex

Jul 03, 2025 am 02:20 AM

What is a JAR file?

AJARfileisapackagedbundleofJavafilesusedforeasierdistribution.Itcontainscompiledclassfiles,amanifestfilewithmetadata,andotherresources.Themanifestdefineskeydetailslikethemainclasstorun.DevelopersuseJARsfororganization,portability,securitythroughsigni

Jul 03, 2025 am 02:19 AM

What is the `toString` method?

The toString method is used to return the string representation of the object, which is easy to debug and display. The default implementation information is limited, so developers often rewrite this method to provide more meaningful information. For example, in Java, return "Person{name='John',age=30}" by overwriting toString; define the toString method in JavaScript to achieve similar effects. Application scenarios include debugging, logging, user output and collection display. It is recommended to add a toString method for custom classes to keep the output concise and not throw exceptions.

Jul 03, 2025 am 02:19 AM

What is method overloading?

MethodOverloading means that multiple methods of the same name can be defined in the same class, but the parameters of these methods must be different. The core is "the method name is the same, the parameters are different", which is manifested as different number, type or order of parameters; the return value type cannot be used as the basis for overloading. For example, multiple add methods can be defined in Java to handle different types and quantities of inputs. The main purpose of using method overloading is to improve the readability and reusability of the code, so that the caller does not need to remember multiple method names. Common application scenarios include constructor overloading, tool-like method adaptation, etc. Notes include: Avoid excessive overloading, do not distinguish methods based on return values ??alone, and pay attention to problems that may be caused by automatic type conversion. Support method

Jul 03, 2025 am 02:18 AM

What are common built-in annotations?

Common built-in annotations in Java are mainly divided into three categories: annotations used by the compiler, annotations used to help the tool process, and annotations available at runtime. 1. @Override is used to rewrite the parent class method. If the parent class method is not really overwritten, the compiler will report an error. It is suitable for scenarios where the method is rewrite in inheritance; 2. @Deprecated marks the element is outdated, prompting developers to avoid using it and may be removed in the future. It is usually used with the @deprecated of Javadoc; 3. @SuppressWarnings suppresses compiler warnings, suitable for situations where specific "security" warnings are ignored, but they should be used with caution to prevent potential problems; 4. Meta annotations include @Retention and @Ta

Jul 03, 2025 am 02:18 AM

What is garbage collection?

Garbagecollection(GC)isanautomaticmemorymanagementsystemthatreclaimsunusedmemoryinprograms.Itworksbyidentifyingunreachableobjectsthroughmethodslikereachabilityanalysis,mark-and-sweep,andgenerationalcollection.GCrunsautomaticallywhenmemorypressureincr

Jul 03, 2025 am 02:17 AM

What is a LinkedHashSet?

LinkedHashSet combines HashSet and linked list features in Java, which not only ensures the uniqueness of elements but also maintains the insertion order. It records the order of elements added by the linked list, so that the traversal results are consistent with the order of insertion. It is suitable for scenarios where deduplication and order preservation is required, such as processing user operation logs or reading file deduplication. The checking is repeated based on the equals() and hashCode() methods, and custom objects need to rewrite these two methods correctly. In terms of performance, add/remove/contains operation is O(1), slightly inferior to HashSet but not much difference. Suitable for scenarios without index access and thread safety, not for memory sensitive or sequential maintenance.

Jul 03, 2025 am 02:16 AM

Difference between byte streams and character streams?

Bytestreamshandlerawbinarydata,whilecharacterstreamsprocesstextwithencoding.Bytestreamsareusedfornon-textualdatalikeimagesornetworkprotocols,usingclasseslikeInputStreamandOutputStream.Characterstreams,suchasReaderandWriterinJava,managetextfilesandaut

Jul 03, 2025 am 02:15 AM

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