CSS ??? ???
/ 網(wǎng)格視圖
網(wǎng)格視圖
響應(yīng)式 Web 設(shè)計 - 網(wǎng)格視圖
什么是網(wǎng)格視圖?
很多網(wǎng)頁都是基于網(wǎng)格設(shè)計的,這說明網(wǎng)頁是按列來布局的。
使用網(wǎng)格視圖有助于我們設(shè)計網(wǎng)頁。這讓我們向網(wǎng)頁添加元素變的更簡單。
響應(yīng)式網(wǎng)格視圖通常是 12 列,寬度為100%,在瀏覽器窗口大小調(diào)整時會自動伸縮。
創(chuàng)建響應(yīng)式網(wǎng)格視圖
接下來我們來創(chuàng)建一個響應(yīng)式網(wǎng)格視圖。
首先確保所有的 HTML 元素都有 box-sizing 屬性且設(shè)置為 border-box。
確保邊距和邊框包含在元素的寬度和高度間。
添加如下代碼:
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
查看更多 box-sizing 內(nèi)容請點擊:CSS3 box-sizing 屬性 。
以下實例演示了簡單的響應(yīng)式網(wǎng)頁,包含兩列:
實例
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>php中文網(wǎng)</title> <style> * { box-sizing: border-box; } .header { border: 1px solid red; padding: 15px; } .menu { width: 25%; float: left; padding: 15px; border: 1px solid red; } .main { width: 75%; float: left; padding: 15px; border: 1px solid red; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="header"> <h1>Chania</h1> </div> <div class="menu"> <ul> <li>The Flight</li> <li>The City</li> <li>The Island</li> <li>The Food</li> </ul> </div> <div class="main"> <h1>The City</h1> <p>Chania is the capital of the Chania region on the island of Crete. The city can be divided in two parts, the old town and the modern city.</p> <p>Resize the browser window to see how the content respond to the resizing.</p> </div> </body> </html>
運行實例 ?
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以上實例包含兩列。
12 列的網(wǎng)格系統(tǒng)可以更好的控制響應(yīng)式網(wǎng)頁。
首先我們可以計算每列的百分比: 100% / 12 列 = 8.33%。
在每列中指定 class, class="col-" 用于定義每列有幾個 span :
實例
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>php 中文網(wǎng)</title> <style> * { box-sizing: border-box; } .header { border: 1px solid red; padding: 15px; } .row:after { content: ""; clear: both; display: block; } [class*="col-"] { float: left; padding: 15px; border: 1px solid red; } .col-1 {width: 8.33%;} .col-2 {width: 16.66%;} .col-3 {width: 25%;} .col-4 {width: 33.33%;} .col-5 {width: 41.66%;} .col-6 {width: 50%;} .col-7 {width: 58.33%;} .col-8 {width: 66.66%;} .col-9 {width: 75%;} .col-10 {width: 83.33%;} .col-11 {width: 91.66%;} .col-12 {width: 100%;} </style> </head> <body> <div class="header"> <h1>Chania</h1> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-3"> <ul> <li>The Flight</li> <li>The City</li> <li>The Island</li> <li>The Food</li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-9"> <h1>The City</h1> <p>Chania is the capital of the Chania region on the island of Crete. The city can be divided in two parts, the old town and the modern city.</p> <p>Resize the browser window to see how the content respond to the resizing.</p> </div> </div> </body> </html>
運行實例 ?
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所有的列向左浮動,間距(padding) 為 15px:
CSS:
[class*="col-"] {
float: left;
padding: 15px;
border: 1px solid red;
}
float: left;
padding: 15px;
border: 1px solid red;
}
每一行使用 <div> 包裹。所有列數(shù)加起來應(yīng)為 12:
<div class="row">
<div class="col-3">...</div>
<div class="col-9">...</div>
</div>
<div class="col-3">...</div>
<div class="col-9">...</div>
</div>
列中行為左浮動,并添加清除浮動:
CSS:
.row:after {
content: "";
clear: both;
display: block;
}
content: "";
clear: both;
display: block;
}
我們可以添加一些樣式和顏色,讓其更好看:
實例
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>php 中文網(wǎng)</title> <style> * { box-sizing: border-box; } .row:after { content: ""; clear: both; display: block; } [class*="col-"] { float: left; padding: 15px; } .col-1 {width: 8.33%;} .col-2 {width: 16.66%;} .col-3 {width: 25%;} .col-4 {width: 33.33%;} .col-5 {width: 41.66%;} .col-6 {width: 50%;} .col-7 {width: 58.33%;} .col-8 {width: 66.66%;} .col-9 {width: 75%;} .col-10 {width: 83.33%;} .col-11 {width: 91.66%;} .col-12 {width: 100%;} html { font-family: "Lucida Sans", sans-serif; } .header { background-color: #9933cc; color: #ffffff; padding: 15px; } .menu ul { list-style-type: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .menu li { padding: 8px; margin-bottom: 7px; background-color :#33b5e5; color: #ffffff; box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.24); } .menu li:hover { background-color: #0099cc; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="header"> <h1>Chania</h1> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-3 menu"> <ul> <li>The Flight</li> <li>The City</li> <li>The Island</li> <li>The Food</li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-9"> <h1>The City</h1> <p>Chania is the capital of the Chania region on the island of Crete. The city can be divided in two parts, the old town and the modern city.</p> <p>Resize the browser window to see how the content respond to the resizing.</p> </div> </div> </body> </html>
運行實例 ?
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