在Laravel 中處理表單提交需遵循五個(gè)核心步驟：首先在web.php 中定義POST 路由，如Route::post('/submit-form', [FormController::class, 'handleForm']) 並確保表單包含@csrf；其次使用Artisan 創(chuàng)建控制器並定義handleForm 方法接收Request 對象獲取輸入值；第三使用validate() 方法驗(yàn)證輸入數(shù)據(jù)並用Blade 顯示錯(cuò)誤信息；第四若含文件上傳則添加enctype="multipart/form-data" 屬性並在控制器中調(diào)用file() 方法存儲(chǔ)文件；最後運(yùn)行php artisan storage:link 使上傳文件可公開訪問。

Handling form submissions in Laravel is straightforward once you understand the basic flow. At its core, it involves setting up a route, creating a controller method to process the data, and using Laravel's built-in features like validation and CSRF protection. Here's how to do it right.

Setting Up Routes

Before handling any form submission, you need a route that listens for POST requests. In Laravel, routes are typically defined in web.php . For example:

 Route::post('/submit-form', [FormController::class, 'handleForm']);

Make sure your form's action attribute matches this route and uses the POST method. Also, every form in Laravel should include a CSRF token:

 <form action="/submit-form" method="POST">
    @csrf
    <!-- form fields go here -->
</form>

This helps prevent cross-site request forgery attacks.

Creating a Controller Method

Once the route is set up, create a controller (if you haven't already) using Artisan:

 php artisan make:controller FormController

Then, in your controller, add a method to handle the form data:

 public function handleForm(Request $request)
{
    // Process the form data here
}

The $request object contains all the input values from your form. You can access them like this:

 $name = $request->input('name');
$email = $request->input('email');

Just remember to import the Request class at the top of your controller:

 use Illuminate\Http\Request;

Validating Form Input

Laravel provides a clean way to validate form inputs using the validate() method. Here's an example inside your controller method:

 $request->validate([
    'name' => 'required|string|max:255',
    'email' => 'required|email|max:255',
]);

If validation fails, Laravel will automatically redirect the user back with errors. You can display those errors in your view using Blade syntax:

 @if ($errors->any())
    <div class="alert alert-danger">
        <ul>
            @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
                <li>{{ $error }}</li>
            @endforeach
        </ul>
    </div>
@endif

You can also customize error messages if needed:

 $request->validate([
    'name' => 'required|string|max:255',
    'email' => 'required|email|max:255',
], [
    'name.required' => 'Your name is required.',
    'email.email' => 'Please enter a valid email address.',
]);

Handling File Uploads

If your form includes file uploads, don't forget to set the enctype="multipart/form-data" attribute on your form tag:

 <form action="/submit-form" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    @csrf
    <input type="file" name="avatar">
</form>

In your controller, you can access the uploaded file like this:

 if ($request->hasFile('avatar')) {
    $path = $request->file('avatar')->store('avatars');
}

By default, Laravel stores files in the storage/app/ directory. If you want to make them publicly accessible, use the public disk:

 $path = $request->file('avatar')->store('avatars', 'public');

And then run:

 php artisan storage:link

To create a symlink so users can access the files via the web.

Basically, that's how you handle form submissions in Laravel. It's not too complicated, but there are a few important details—like CSRF tokens, validation, and file handling—that you shouldn't skip.

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