要使用CSS對(duì)SVG進(jìn)行樣式設(shè)計(jì)，首先需將SVG以內(nèi)聯(lián)形式嵌入HTML以獲得精細(xì)控制。 1. 內(nèi)聯(lián)SVG允許直接通過CSS選擇其內(nèi)部元素如或並應(yīng)用樣式，而外部SVG僅支持全局樣式如寬高或?yàn)V鏡。 2. 使用.class:hover等常規(guī)CSS語法實(shí)現(xiàn)交互效果，但應(yīng)使用fill而非color控制顏色，用stroke和stroke-width控制輪廓。 3. 借助類名組織樣式，避免重複，並註意命名衝突及作用域管理。 4. SVG樣式可能繼承自頁面，可通過svg * { fill: none; stroke: none; }重置以避免意外結(jié)果。掌握這些要點(diǎn)後，即可高效地用CSS控制SVG樣式。

SVGs are everywhere these days—logos, icons, illustrations—and one of the big perks is that you can style them with CSS just like HTML elements. It makes them flexible and easy to integrate into modern web design. But if you've tried applying styles to SVG and ran into issues, you're not alone. There are a few gotchas to be aware of.

Inline SVG vs. External SVG

How you include your SVG in a page affects how you can style it.

• Inline SVG : This means pasting the actual <svg></svg> code directly into your HTML. The big plus here is that you can target its elements (like <path></path> , <circle></circle> , etc.) directly with CSS.
• External SVG : If you're loading the SVG via an <img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/175211922987577.png" class="lazy" alt="將CSS樣式應(yīng)用於可擴(kuò)展的向量圖形（SVG）" > tag or background image in CSS, you lose direct access to internal elements. In this case, you can only apply global styles like width, height, or filters from the outside.

So if you want fine-grained control over colors, animations, or hover effects inside the SVG, go inline.

Styling SVG Elements with CSS

Once your SVG is inline, you can treat many of its elements like regular HTML when it comes to styling.

For example, you might have a logo where you want the main shape to change color on hover:

 <svg>
  <path class="logo-main" d="M10 10..." />
</svg>

And in your CSS:

 .logo-main {
  fill: #333;
}

.logo-main:hover {
  fill: #09f;
}

Some important points:

• Use fill instead of color or background-color for shapes and paths.
• stroke controls outlines, and stroke-width adjusts their thickness.
• You can also animate these properties with transitions or keyframes.

Just keep in mind that some older browsers may have limited support for certain CSS features applied to SVG.

Using Classes and Scoped Styles

Like with HTML, you can use classes inside SVG to organize styles and avoid repeating yourself.

Let's say your SVG has multiple parts:

 <svg>
  <circle class="dot primary" cx="50" cy="50" r="10" />
  <circle class="dot secondary" cx="100" cy="50" r="10" />
</svg>

You can define reusable styles in your CSS:

 .dot {
  transition: fill 0.3s ease;
}

.primary {
  fill: red;
}

.secondary {
  fill: blue;
}

A few tips:

• Make sure your class names don't clash with other styles on the page.
• Consider wrapping the SVG in a container and using scoped styles if needed.
• BEM or similar naming conventions can help keep things organized.

This approach keeps your code clean and maintainable, especially as SVGs get more complex.

Watch Out for Specificity and Inheritance

SVG elements can inherit styles from the page, which is handy but sometimes confusing.

For example, if you set a fill color on the <svg> element itself, child elements without their own fill will pick that up automatically. That can be useful for theming:

 svg {
  fill: currentColor;
}

Then you can just change the color property elsewhere, and the SVG follows along.

But this also means unexpected results can pop up if you're not careful with selector specificity or conflicting rules. A good trick is to reset inherited styles when needed:

 svg * {
  fill: none;
  stroke: none;
}

That way, you start fresh and define exactly what you want.

基本上就這些。 Styling SVG with CSS is powerful once you know how it works, but it does require attention to how SVG attributes map to CSS properties and how the file is included in the page.

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