Tail-Recursion Optimization in C Compilers
Tail-recursion optimization improves program efficiency by replacing recursive function calls with jumps. Surprisingly, despite its apparent advantages, programmers often question whether it's implemented in C/C compilers.
Implementation in Modern Compilers
Contrary to common perception, all modern mainstream C compilers perform tail call optimization, including mutual recursive calls.
Compiler Directives
To enable tail-recursion optimization, simply activate compiler optimizations for speed:
- MSVC: /O2 or /Ox
- GCC, Clang, ICC: -O3
Checking Optimization Status
To verify whether the compiler has performed the optimization, employ one of these methods:
- Perform a call that would otherwise cause a stack overflow.
- Inspect assembly output.
Considerations and Caveats
- Destructors may interfere with tail-recursion optimization.
- Tail-calls cannot be performed if any destructors need to execute after the call.
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