How to Pass Complex Parameters to Theory-Driven Unit Tests in xUnit?
Jan 02, 2025 pm 09:24 PM
Passing Complex Parameters to Theory-Driven Unit Tests
Unit testing frameworks like xUnit offer convenient features for data-driven testing. However, when the parameters to the method under test are complex data structures, such as lists of custom classes, the InlineData attribute falls short.
The Theory of Complex Parameters
To tackle this challenge, xUnit provides several options for passing complex parameters to theory-driven unit tests. One such option is the MemberData attribute.
MemberData to the Rescue
The MemberData attribute enables you to specify a property or method that returns IEnumerable
[Theory, MemberData(nameof(MyCustomData))]
public void WriteReportsToMemoryStream(...)
{
// ...
}
public static IEnumerable<object[]> MyCustomData()
{
// ...
}
ClassData: An Alternative Approach
Prior to xUnit 2.0, another alternative existed: ClassData. Similar to MemberData, ClassData allowed sharing data generators between tests in different classes and namespaces. For example:
public class MyCustomTests
{
[Theory, ClassData(typeof(MyCustomData))]
public void WriteReportsToMemoryStream(...)
{
// ...
}
}
public class MyCustomData : IEnumerable<object[]>
{
// ...
}
MemberData with Static Member Overloading (xUnit >= 2.0)
xUnit 2.0 introduced an overloaded version of MemberData that enables direct use of static members from other classes. The ClassData example above can be rewritten using this overload:
[Theory, MemberData(nameof(MyCustomData.GetData), MemberType = typeof(MyCustomData))]
public void WriteReportsToMemoryStream(...)
{
// ...
}
Conclusion
These examples illustrate the various ways to pass complex parameters to theory-driven unit tests in xUnit using MemberData, ClassData, and their respective overloads. By leveraging these attributes, developers can conveniently generate data for testing methods that operate on complex data structures.
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