Keep Your Laptop Lean and Secure: A Guide to Preventing Unwanted Software

A cleaner laptop means a faster, more secure system. This guide shows you how to remove existing bloatware and prevent future unwanted installations. Removing pre-installed programs you don't need is just the first step towards a smoother, more efficient operating system.

Removing Bloatware

New laptops often come pre-loaded with unnecessary applications (bloatware)—software pushed by manufacturers. While some might be useful, you can safely remove those you don't need.

On Windows, navigate to Settings (the gear icon in the Start menu), then select Apps. Choose "Installed apps" (Windows 11) or "Apps & features" (Windows 10). Uninstall unwanted programs by clicking the three dots (Windows 11) or selecting and clicking "Uninstall" (Windows 10). Note that some programs may be unremovable.

macOS users can drag app icons to the Trash from the Applications folder in Finder or use Launchpad (hold an app icon until it shakes, then click the "X").

Careful Installation Practices

Many programs try to install additional software during setup. This adds clutter and poses security risks. Always pay close attention during installation, unchecking default boxes that grant permission for extra software.

Thoroughly research developers before installing new software. Prioritize apps from official sources like the Microsoft Store (Windows) or App Store (macOS) for added security.

Securing Your Browser

Your browser is a key entry point for unwanted software. Keep it updated (most browsers do this automatically), and avoid installing unfamiliar add-ons or extensions. Be wary of unexpected toolbar changes or altered settings (like your default search engine). Always review extension permissions before installation.

Robust Security Measures

Install antivirus software (Windows and macOS) to detect unauthorized installations. Windows users can leverage the built-in Windows Defender (Settings > Privacy & security > Windows Security > App & browser control). Ensure this feature is enabled.

Exercise caution when installing software from the web. Download from trusted sources (e.g., Microsoft for Office 365) and verify downloaded files match expectations. Be vigilant about email attachments and links, recognizing phishing attempts. Always verify sender legitimacy before opening unexpected emails.

This article has been updated from its original publication date of February 27, 2019.

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