初品cakephp 入門基礎
Jun 13, 2016 pm 12:02 PM
首先來看一下cakephp的的執(zhí)行流程(從百度百科借來的圖片)：
1：首先你的服務器必須支持rewrite,如果是不支持rewrite的虛擬主機的話cakephp是不能正常運行的。
2：將所有的請求定向到cakephp框架后就進入了框架的route，cakephp帶有一套默認的分發(fā)規(guī)則（例如：http://……/test/test,在不做任何route配置的情況下cakephp會自動執(zhí)行test_controller控制器中的test方法）。
我們可以通過配置route的方式將任何請求指向我們所希望執(zhí)行的控制器和方法，配置如下（app/config/routes.php）：
復制代碼 代碼如下:
Router::connect('/pages/*', array('controller' => 'test', 'action' => 'index'));
3:請求進入controller后cakephp會根據(jù)controller的名字去加載默認的model。例如：TestController會自動加載models下的test.php文件，接著我們就可以通過如下方法調(diào)用該model的方法了。
復制代碼 代碼如下:
$this->test->find('all');
查看cakephp框架的controller基類源碼（cake\libs\controller\controller.php的__mergeVars方法中）
復制代碼 代碼如下:
if ($this->uses !== null && $this->uses !== false) {
$merge[] = 'uses';
}
foreach ($merge as $var) {
if (isset($appVars[$var]) && !empty($appVars[$var]) && is_array($this->{$var})) {
if ($var !== 'uses') {
$normal = Set::normalize($this->{$var});
$app = Set::normalize($appVars[$var]);
if ($app !== $normal) {
$this->{$var} = Set::merge($app, $normal);
}
} else {
$this->{$var} = array_merge($this->{$var}, array_diff($appVars[$var], $this->{$var}));
}
}
}
在cakephp構造controller的時候將uses數(shù)組中的model會全部實例化。
4、5、6：是controller和model直接處理業(yè)務邏輯的一個過程，值得注意的是cakephp的model繼承自AppModel,在AppModel中已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了一些數(shù)據(jù)庫的操作方法，并且model會默認關聯(lián)到數(shù)據(jù)庫中的表。這一點感覺不是很好，model只是一個數(shù)據(jù)庫的操作層了。
7：在進行完業(yè)務處理后，最終要數(shù)據(jù)要整合html輸出到瀏覽器端。在cakephp的視圖中包含布局文件、元素文件和模板文件，這些文件的在1.3版本中采用ctp的后綴，在controller基類里面可以修改var $ext = '.ctp';來改變模板文件的后綴。
小結：cakephp框架使用起來感覺不夠靈活，model層存在局限性。而視圖文件中采用的是php的語法不便于團隊開發(fā)中的任務分離。在小項目中cakephp還是游刃有余的，框架提供的腳手架、核心組件和一些類可以快速方便的構建一個項目。cakephp初識，認識可能存在偏差。
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