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How Can I Call a Base Class's Virtual Function from a Derived Class in C ?
How Can I Call a Base Class's Virtual Function from a Derived Class in C ?
Dec 13, 2024 am 02:28 AM
Invoking Base Class Virtual Function Despite Override in C
In object-oriented programming, it is common for derived classes to override virtual functions from their base classes. However, situations may arise where the derived class requires access to the overridden function.
Consider the following C code:
class Foo {
public:
int x;
virtual void printStuff() {
std::cout << x << std::endl;
}
};
class Bar : public Foo {
public:
int y;
void printStuff() {
// I would like to call Foo.printStuff() here...
std::cout << y << std::endl;
}
};
In the above example, the Bar class overrides the printStuff function, but it may also need to access the base class version.
Java's super vs. C Syntax
In Java, the super.funcname() syntax allows derived classes to call base class methods. However, C requires a different approach. To call the overridden base class function, use the following syntax:
class Bar : public Foo {
// ...
void printStuff() override { // help the compiler to check
Foo::printStuff(); // calls base class' function
}
};
In this syntax:
- override is optional but recommended to help the compiler ensure proper overriding.
- Foo::printStuff() explicitly calls the base class's function.
This explicit naming is necessary because C allows multiple inheritance, unlike Java. As a result, the compiler needs to know which base class method to call when overridden.
Example Usage
Returning to the original code, the following modification allows Bar::printStuff() to access both its own data member y and the base class data member x:
void printStuff() override {
Foo::printStuff();
std::cout << y << std::endl;
}
This improved version of printStuff outputs the base class's x value, followed by the derived class's y value, providing desired functionality.
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