How to backup and restore system in CentOS
Apr 14, 2025 pm 05:54 PMCentOS System Backup and Recovery Guide: Detailed explanation of three common methods
This article will introduce three common methods for system backup and recovery in CentOS system, and provide detailed command examples and precautions to help you choose the most suitable backup plan.
Method 1: Backup and restore using the tar command
The tar command is an efficient archiving tool that can package files and directories into compressed files.
Backup:
tar cvpzf backup.tgz --exclude=/proc --exclude=/lost found --exclude=/mnt --exclude=/sys /
This command backs up the entire system to a compressed file named backup.tgz
and excludes directories such as /proc
, /lost found
, /mnt
and /sys
that do not require backup.
recover:
tar xvpfz backup.tgz -C /
This command extracts the backup.tgz
file to the root directory of the system /
.
Method 2: Backup and restore using rsync command
rsync is a powerful file synchronization tool that can be used for local or remote backups.
Backup:
rsync -av --delete /source_directory /destination_directory
Synchronize all contents in the /source_directory
directory to the /destination_directory
directory. The -a
option represents the archive mode, the -v
option represents the detailed mode, and the --delete
option represents the delete file that does not exist in the source directory in the target directory.
recover:
rsync -av /source_directory /destination_directory
Synchronize all contents in the /source_directory
directory to the /destination_directory
directory.
Method 3: Backup and restore using the dd command (use with caution)
The dd command can directly backup the disk and generate disk image files. This method is risky and improper operation may lead to data loss. Please be sure to operate with caution!
Backup:
dd if=/dev/sda of=backup.img bs=4M
This command backs up the /dev/sda
disk to the backup.img
file, bs=4M
specifies that the block size is 4MB, which speeds up the backup speed. Please replace /dev/sda
with your actual disk device name.
recover:
dd if=backup.img of=/dev/sda bs=4M
This command writes the backup.img
file to the /dev/sda
disk. Please replace /dev/sda
with your actual disk device name.
Important notes:
- Backup space: Make sure there is enough storage space to save backup files.
- Data security: Backup and recovery operations may lead to data loss. Please be sure to operate with caution and backup data in advance.
- Integrity check: Check the integrity and availability of backup files regularly to ensure normal recovery.
- Device name: When using the
dd
command, be sure to confirm that the disk device name is correct, otherwise it may lead to serious data loss.
Which method to choose depends on your specific needs and technical level. For ordinary users, the tar
command may be easier to use; for users who need more granular control and synchronization functions, the rsync
command is a better choice; the dd
command is suitable for scenarios where a full disk image backup is required, but the risk is also higher. Please choose the appropriate method according to the actual situation.
The above is the detailed content of How to backup and restore system in CentOS. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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