HTML5 Web 存儲(chǔ)
HTML5 web 存儲(chǔ),一個(gè)比cookie更好的本地存儲(chǔ)方式。
什么是 HTML5 Web 存儲(chǔ)?
使用HTML5可以在本地存儲(chǔ)用戶的瀏覽數(shù)據(jù)。
早些時(shí)候,本地存儲(chǔ)使用的是cookies。但是Web 存儲(chǔ)需要更加的安全與快速. 這些數(shù)據(jù)不會(huì)被保存在服務(wù)器上，但是這些數(shù)據(jù)只用于用戶請(qǐng)求網(wǎng)站數(shù)據(jù)上.它也可以存儲(chǔ)大量的數(shù)據(jù)，而不影響網(wǎng)站的性能.
數(shù)據(jù)以 鍵/值 對(duì)存在, web網(wǎng)頁(yè)的數(shù)據(jù)只允許該網(wǎng)頁(yè)訪問(wèn)使用。
瀏覽器支持
Internet Explorer 8+, Firefox, Opera, Chrome, 和 Safari支持Web 存儲(chǔ)。
注意: Internet Explorer 7 及更早IE版本不支持web 存儲(chǔ).
localStorage 和 sessionStorage
There are two new objects for storing data on the client:
localStorage - 沒(méi)有時(shí)間限制的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)
sessionStorage - 針對(duì)一個(gè) session 的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)
在使用 web 存儲(chǔ)前,應(yīng)檢查瀏覽器是否支持 localStorage 和sessionStorage:
{
// Yes! localStorage and sessionStorage support!
// Some code.....
}
else
{
// Sorry! No web storage support..
}
localStorage 對(duì)象
localStorage 對(duì)象存儲(chǔ)的數(shù)據(jù)沒(méi)有時(shí)間限制。第二天、第二周或下一年之后，數(shù)據(jù)依然可用。
實(shí)例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>php中文網(wǎng)(php.cn)</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="result"></div>
<script>
if(typeof(Storage)!=="undefined")
{
localStorage.lastname="Smith";
document.getElementById("result").innerHTML="Last name: " + localStorage.lastname;
}
else
{
document.getElementById("result").innerHTML="Sorry, your browser does not support web storage...";
}
</script>
</body>
</html>運(yùn)行實(shí)例 ?
點(diǎn)擊 "運(yùn)行實(shí)例" 按鈕查看在線實(shí)例
實(shí)例解析：
使用 key="lastname" 和value="Smith" 創(chuàng)建一個(gè) localStorage 鍵/值對(duì)
檢索鍵值為"lastname" 的值然后將數(shù)據(jù)插入 id="result"的元素中
提示: 鍵/值對(duì)通常以字符串存儲(chǔ)，你可以按自己的需要轉(zhuǎn)換該格式。
下面的實(shí)例展示了用戶點(diǎn)擊按鈕的次數(shù). 代碼中的字符串值轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)字類(lèi)型:
實(shí)例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script>
function clickCounter()
{
if(typeof(Storage)!=="undefined")
{
if (localStorage.clickcount)
{
localStorage.clickcount=Number(localStorage.clickcount)+1;
}
else
{
localStorage.clickcount=1;
}
document.getElementById("result").innerHTML="You have clicked the button " + localStorage.clickcount + " time(s).";
}
else
{
document.getElementById("result").innerHTML="Sorry, your browser does not support web storage...";
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p><button onclick="clickCounter()" type="button">Click me!</button></p>
<div id="result"></div>
<p>Click the button to see the counter increase.</p>
<p>Close the browser tab (or window), and try again, and the counter will continue to count (is not reset).</p>
</body>
</html>運(yùn)行實(shí)例 ?
點(diǎn)擊 "運(yùn)行實(shí)例" 按鈕查看在線實(shí)例
sessionStorage 對(duì)象
sessionStorage 方法針對(duì)一個(gè) session 進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)。當(dāng)用戶關(guān)閉瀏覽器窗口后，數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)被刪除。
如何創(chuàng)建并訪問(wèn)一個(gè) sessionStorage：:
實(shí)例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script>
function clickCounter()
{
if(typeof(Storage)!=="undefined")
{
if (sessionStorage.clickcount)
{
sessionStorage.clickcount=Number(sessionStorage.clickcount)+1;
}
else
{
sessionStorage.clickcount=1;
}
document.getElementById("result").innerHTML="You have clicked the button " + sessionStorage.clickcount + " time(s) in this session.";
}
else
{
document.getElementById("result").innerHTML="Sorry, your browser does not support web storage...";
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p><button onclick="clickCounter()" type="button">Click me!</button></p>
<div id="result"></div>
<p>Click the button to see the counter increase.</p>
<p>Close the browser tab (or window), and try again, and the counter is reset.</p>
</body>
</html>運(yùn)行實(shí)例 ?
點(diǎn)擊 "運(yùn)行實(shí)例" 按鈕查看在線實(shí)例