CSS transitions are suitable for simple state changes, while CSS animations are used for complex effects. 1. The transition only supports start and end states, which are suitable for simple interactions such as button hovering; 2. The animation provides complete control through keyframes, suitable for scenes with looping playback or precise timing; 3. Both should be given priority to use opacity and transform attributes for best performance; 4. It should be selected according to needs to avoid unnecessary animations distracting users.

The difference between a CSS transition and a CSS animation comes down to complexity and control. Transitions are for simple, one-off changes—like when you hover over a button and it smoothly changes color. Animations, on the other hand, let you create more complex effects with multiple steps and greater control over timing and behavior.

When to Use a CSS Transition

Transitions work best for short, state-based changes. You define the property you want to change, how long the change should take, and optionally the timing function. They're ideal for basic interaction like hover effects or toggling UI elements.

• Simple syntax : Just set transition-property , transition-duration , and optionally transition-timing-function and transition-delay .
• Limited control : Only supports start and end states—no way to define intermediate steps.
• Triggered by state changes : Usually initiated by something like :hover , :focus , or JavaScript toggling a class.

For example, if you have a button that grows slightly when hovered, a transition makes that smooth without needing keyframes or complex code.

When to Use a CSS Animation

Animations give you full control with keyframes. You can loop them, pause, reverse, or even play them in alternate directions. This makes them great for more involved effects like loading spinners, bouncing icons, or animated sliders.

• Keyframe-based : Define each step using @keyframes , from 0% to 100% .
• More flexibility : You can repeat animations, control playback direction, delay start time, and even make them fill forwards or backwards in time.
• Independent of user interaction : Can run automatically on page load or be triggered by events.

If you're building a loader that spins continuously or animating a character walking across the screen, an animation is the right choice.

Performance and Practical Considerations

Both transitions and animations can be hardware-accelerated, but not all properties animate well. Stick to animating opacity and transform for the smoothest performance. Avoid animating layout-triggering properties like width , height , or margin unless absolutely necessary.

• Use transitions for small UI feedback , like buttons, tooltips, or dropdowns.
• Use animations for more complex visual sequences , especially those needing looping or precision timing.

Also, remember that just because you can animate something doesn't mean you should . Keep things subtle and purposeful to avoid distracting users.

Basically that's it.

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