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Table of Contents
Declare character encoding in HTML
Make sure the server sends the correct encoded information
Check the encoding format of the file itself
Don't ignore small details
Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial How to specify the character encoding for an html document?

How to specify the character encoding for an html document?

Jul 06, 2025 am 01:45 AM
html Character Encoding

There are three correct ways to specify character encoding for HTML documents: 1. Add <meta charset="UTF-8"> in the front of the

part of the HTML, and it is recommended to follow the <title> tag; 2. Configure the server to ensure that UTF-8 is sent, such as Apache uses AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 or Nginx uses charset utf-8; 3. Save the HTML file itself in UTF-8 encoding format and set the correct output header when dynamically generating the page, while ensuring that external resources such as CSS and JavaScript also use UTF-8.

How to specify the character encoding for an html document?

Specifying the character encoding of HTML documents is actually a very basic but easy to ignore. It is related to whether the web page can correctly display various languages, such as Chinese, Japanese, Russian, etc. The most common practice is to use UTF-8 encoding, which is highly compatible and supports most characters.

How to specify the character encoding for an html document?

Declare character encoding in HTML

The easiest and most effective way is to add a line of meta tags to part of the HTML:

How to specify the character encoding for an html document?
 <meta charset="UTF-8">

This line of code tells the browser: This page uses UTF-8 encoding. It is recommended to place it in <head> , the better it is best to follow the <title> tag to avoid garbled code when loading other content.

Also note that HTML5 is recommended to use UTF-8. If you are still using old versions of HTML (such as XHTML), the writing method may be slightly different, but modern development basically uses HTML5, so just use the above writing method directly.

How to specify the character encoding for an html document?

Make sure the server sends the correct encoded information

In addition to declaring character sets in HTML files, server-side settings are also important. Sometimes even if you write <meta charset="UTF-8"> in HTML, if the HTTP header returned by the server specifies a different encoding method (such as ISO-8859-1), the browser will still trust the server's information first.

A common solution is to configure the server to send HTML files in UTF-8 by default. For example:

  • Apache can be added in .htaccess or configuration files:

     AddDefaultCharset UTF-8
  • Nginx can be added to the configuration:

     charset utf-8;

This ensures that no matter how users access it, they can receive unified encoding information, reducing the possibility of garbled code.

Check the encoding format of the file itself

One thing many people will ignore is that the HTML file itself must also be UTF-8. If you write HTML files in a text editor, remember to select "UTF-8" format when saving, otherwise even if you write <meta charset="UTF-8"> in HTML, the actual file is GBK or other encoding, which will cause garbled code.

Common editors such as VS Code use UTF-8 by default, but if you get files from others or use some old-fashioned editors, it is best to manually check the save format.

Don't ignore small details

  • If you use PHP, Node.js and other backend languages ??to generate HTML pages dynamically, remember to set encoding in the output header, for example, you can use it in PHP:

     header(&#39;Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8&#39;);
  • If the web page contains external resources, such as JavaScript or CSS files, these files should also be saved in UTF-8 format, otherwise problems may also be caused.

  • There is another trick: adding BOM (byte order marker) at the beginning of an HTML file can sometimes help identify encodings, but it is not recommended, because it may lead to some hidden problems, such as the output buffer being triggered in advance.

  • Basically that's it. Although setting character encoding seems simple, there is no error in every link to ensure that the web page displays normally in various languages.

    The above is the detailed content of How to specify the character encoding for an html document?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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