To define a grid container and set rows, use display: grid and control rows through related properties. 1. Create a grid container: add display: grid to the parent element to make its child elements a grid item; 2. Set column width: Use the grid-template-columns attribute to specify a fixed width, fr unit or automatically adjust the number of columns; 3. Set row height: Use the grid-template-rows attribute to also support fixed values, fr units and automatic adjustment; 4. Control spacing: Set the gap between rows and columns through gap, row-gap or column-gap to achieve a more flexible layout effect.

It is not difficult to define a grid container and set rows, but you have to understand several key concepts first. Simply put, it is to use display: grid in CSS to create a grid layout, and then use attributes to control the size, number, etc. of columns and rows.

1. Create a grid container

The first step is to turn an element into a grid container. This step is very basic, but it must be done right.

• Add display: grid to the parent container, that's that simple.
• Once this attribute is added, its direct child elements will automatically become grid items, arranged by row.

For example:

 .container {
  display: grid;
}

This way you have a default grid structure, but it hasn't specified many columns or rows yet. Next is the key point.

2. Set column width: grid-template-columns

How many columns do you want the grid to have? How wide is each column? You can use grid-template-columns to set it.

Commonly used writing methods include:

• Fixed width: For example, grid-template-columns: 200px 100px 300px; three columns will be created, with widths of 200px, 100px and 300px respectively.
• Use fr unit: This is a characteristic unit in the grid layout, indicating "score". For example, 1fr 2fr represents two columns, and the second column is twice the width of the first column.
• Automatic adjustment: Use auto-fit or auto-fill with minmax() to achieve responsive column count.

For example:

 .container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
}

The meaning of this code is: the number of columns is automatically adjusted according to the container width, with a minimum of 200px per column, and a maximum of 1fr of space.

3. Set the line height: grid-template-rows

The settings of the row are similar to those of the column, but they are replaced by grid-template-rows .

You can fix the row height, use fr , or even use mixed.

for example:

 .container {
  grid-template-rows: 100px auto 50px;
}

This will make the first line 100px high, the second line automatically adapt to the content height, and the third line is fixed to 50px high.

If you want the lines to adapt automatically to the content, you can combine grid-auto-rows attribute:

 .container {
  grid-auto-rows: minmax(100px, auto);
}

In this way, the newly added rows are at least 100px high, and if there is more content, they will be automatically opened.

4. Simple control spacing: gap, row-gap, column-gap

In a grid, the gap between columns and between rows can be controlled by gap attribute.

• gap: 20px 30px; indicates the row spacing is 20px and the column spacing is 30px.
• If you only write one value, such as gap: 20px; , then both rows and columns use this value.
• It can also be written separately as row-gap and column-gap .

Basically that's it. Once you have mastered how to define grid containers and how to set the size of columns and rows, you can start building various layouts. It seems that there are many steps, but it is very simple to write in reality. The key is to understand the role of each attribute.

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