The key to writing Python's if else statements is clear logic and concise code. 1. Split complex conditions into variables or functions to improve readability and maintainability; 2. Use elif to replace multiple independent ifs to avoid repeated judgments and logical conflicts; 3. Use ternary operators to simplify simple judgments, but avoid abuse; 4. Avoid redundant else branches and keep the code concise. These practices can effectively improve the quality and readability of the code.
Writing Python's if else statement is not just correct syntax. The key is to make the logic clear and the code concise, so that others can understand it at first sight, and you won’t have a headache when you look back in the future. The following practices are all "safe" methods that are often used in actual projects.
Keep the conditions and judgment concise and clear
Complex judgments of conditions are the most likely to make people dizzy. If you wrote:
if (x > 0 and y < 10) or (z == None and not flag):
It would be very difficult to read. It is recommended to split it into variables or functions to express the intention, such as:
is_valid_position = x > 0 and y < 10 is_missing_data = z is None and not flag if is_valid_position or is_missing_data:
This not only makes the logic clear, but also facilitates subsequent modification and testing.
In addition, try to avoid if else nesting too many layers. If more than two layers, refactoring should be considered, such as early return or extracting into functions.
Use elif instead of multiple independent if
When there are multiple mutually exclusive conditions, many people will write it like this:
if score >= 90:
grade = 'A'
if score >= 80:
grade = 'B'
if score >= 70:
grade = 'C' But this is problematic because every judgment will be executed once. The correct way is to use elif :
if score >= 90:
grade = 'A'
elif score >= 80:
grade = 'B'
elif score >= 70:
grade = 'C'
else:
grade = 'D'This way, the logic is clearer, the efficiency is higher, and there will be no problem that multiple conditions take effect at the same time.
Simplify simple judgment using ternary operators
For very simple judgments, you can use a ternary expression to do it in one line:
result = "pass" if score >= 60 else "fail"
This writing method is more compact and easy to understand than writing four lines of if else . But don’t abuse it. It’s better to write the complete structure of too complicated logic honestly.
Avoid redundant else branches
Sometimes we will unconsciously write code like this:
if condition:
do_something()
else:
pass At this time, it can be simplified to retain only if :
if condition:
do_something() By the same token, if the default value is returned in else , it can also be placed directly outside:
def get_status(user):
if user.is_active:
return "active"
return "inactive" It's refreshing than writing a full if-else .
Basically these common and practical practices. Not every situation applies, but it can make your if else cleaner and easier to maintain most of the time.
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